Antigen analysis, immunological

SEKUL AND DRY Analysis of Antigens by Immunological Methods 273 Literature cited... 

Maizels, R.M., Burke, L. and Denham, D.A. (1987c) Phosphorylcholine-bearing antigens in filarial nematode parasites analysis of somatic extracts, in-vitro secretions and infection sera from Brugia malayi and B. pahangi. Parasite Immunology 9, 49-66. 

Table 7.2 Immunological methods of analysis. Demonstrable reactions between antibodies and antigens...

Analysis of Antigens in Cotton Dust by Immunological Methods... 

Further improvement of microchemical methods for proteinaceous media was based on immunological techniques. The high specificity of the antigen-antibody reaction enables the discrimination of the same protein coming from different species, or the detection of multiple antigens in the same sample. Application to the analysis of artwork has been reported in two types of immunological techniques immunofluorescence microscopy (IFM), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) [31]. 

Ferru, I., Georges, B., Bossus, M., Estaquier, J., Delacre, M., Harn, D.A., Tartar, A., Capron, A., Grassmasse, H. and Auriault, C. (1 997) Analysis of the immune response elicited by a multiple antigen peptide (MAP) composed of two distinct protective antigens derived from the parasite Schistosoma mansoni. Parasite Immunology 19, 1-11. 

Reynolds, S.R., Dahl, C.E. and Harn, D.A. (1 994)T and B epitope determination and analysis of multiple antigenic peptides for the Schistosoma mansoni experimental vaccine triose-phosphate isomerase. The Journal of Immunology 1 52, 1 93-200. 

Mutin M, Dignat-George F, Sampol J. Immunologic phenotype of cultured endothelial cells Quantitative analysis of cell surface molecules. Tissue Antigens 1997 50 449-458. 

The ELISA procedure recently has been used for the analysis of parathion (31). Since this procedure has considerable potential a more detailed description of the analysis of parathion is in order. The conjugation procedure using amino parathion (AP) was described earlier (Fig. 3, Rn 9), and this conjugate was then administered to rabbits for development of a population of specific antibodies (Abi) against BSA or AP. Abi demonstrated immunological activity only for the hapten when AP was conjugated to rabbit serum albumin (RSA). This antigen (RSA-AP) was rendered insoluble via attachment to the polystyrene surface of microtiter plates under basic conditions (Fig. 6.1). 

Because a library can contain thousands of different clones, it can be difficult to isolate a clone with DNA of specific interest. This is because the majority of cloned DNAs do not contain a readily selectable genetic marker, such as antibiotic resistance, or lead (as discussed earlier) to the production of a foreign protein. Methods to achieve this have been developed and utilize hybridization, immunochemical, and structural techniques. A specific DNA sequence of only several kilobases can be isolated from a genome containing in excess of 106 kilobases. Hybridization requires a radioactive DNA or RNA molecule (a probe) that is complementary (or partially so) to the sequence of the cloned DNA. Immunologic techniques require that the polypeptides coded by the DNAs of interest are available and have specific antigenic properties that allow detection. Structural analysis can also be used when the other techniques are inapplicable. 

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