Anticarbohydrate antibodies

Fig. 6. Early (1962) glycoclusters used in quantititative immunoprecipitation of anticarbohydrate antibodies.89...

In 1923 antibodies specific for a polysaccharide in the pneumococcal cell wall were detected in the serum from rabbits immunized with non-viable pneumococcal cells by Heidelberger and Avery [1], Cell wall polysaccharides from other bacteria as reported by Lancefield [2], McCarty [3], Krause [4], Pazur [5], and Karakawa [6] activated the plasma cells in the serum of animals to initiate the biosynthesis of antibodies which were specific for the carbohydrates. Such antibodies are appropriately classified as anticarbohydrate antibodies. The antibodies which are synthesized on immunization are polyclonal antibodies and consist of various numbers of isoforms. The antibodies which are synthesized by fusion of immune spleen cells and myeloma cells are monoclonal antibodies. 

An early use was development of a serological method based on anticarbohydrate antibodies which is used to identify bacteria causing infectious diseased in humans. A listing of pathogenic groups of streptococci is presented in Table 2. 

To determine the nature of monosaccharide residues in an anticarbohydrate antibody, a sample of 2 mg of anti-Gal antibodies is hydrolyzed in 0.2 mL of 0.2 M HC1 by heating in a boiling water-bath for 2 h. 

D. R. Bundle, C. Costello, C. Nycholat, T. Lipinski, R. Rennie in Anticarbohydrate Antibodies, P. Kosma, S. Miiller-Loeunies (Eds.), Springer Wien, New York, 2012, 121. 

F.-X. TheiUet, P. Chassagne, M. Delepierre, A. Phalipon, L. A. Mulard, in Anticarbohydrate Antibodies, ed. P. Kosma and S. Muller-Loennies, Springer-Verlag, Wien, 2012, 1. 

Fairly extensive studies of cross-reactions of one of these proteins [MOPC 104 IgM(X)] with a variety of oligosaccharides were reported by Leon et al. (101). The specificity characteristics of the protein are quite similar to those of induced anticarbohydrate antibodies. 

Bhxt O, Boos I, Mandel U (2012) In Kosma P (ed) Anticarbohydrate antibodies. New York, Springer... 

Kojima, N., Handa, K., Newman, W., and Hakomori, S., 1992a, Multi-recognition capability of E-selectin in a dynamic flow system, as evidenced by differential effects of sialidases and anticarbohydrate antibodies on selectin-mediated cell adhesion at low vs. high wall shear stress A preliminary note, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 189 1686-1694. 

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