Antibody conjugate, formation

Antibody-enzyme conjugate formation through thioether bond... 

As described above, the dendrimer-coupled antibody conjugates show uniquely enhanced properties compared to the classical double antibody systems. Important characteristics such as complete solubility in aqueous buffers, flexibility in immunoassay format, ability to improve assay sensitivity, consistent, reproducible manufacturing and favorable stability has driven the utilization of these dendrimer-based reagents in Stratus CS, the latest member of the Stratus family of immunochemistry analyzers. In this new analyzer system, the primary... 

Carrier protein Macromolecule to which a hapten is conjugated, thereby enabling the hapten to stimulate the immune response. catELISA Similar to an ELISA, except that the assay detects catalysis as opposed to simple binding between hapten and antibody. The substrate for a reaction is bound to the surface of the microtitre plate, and putative catalytic antibodies are applied. Any product molecules formed are then detected by the addition of anti-product antibodies, usually in the form of a polyclonal mixture raised in rabbits. The ELISA is then completed in the usual way, with an anti-rabbit second antibody conjugated to an enzyme, and the formation of coloured product upon addition of the substrate for this enzyme. The intensity of this colour is then indicative of the amount of product formed, and thus catalytic antibodies are selected directly. 

Novagen (ProteoPlex ), S S (FAST Quant), BioSource (Cartesian Array ), and BD Biosciences (BD Clontech Ab Microarrays) have introduced or will soon introduce protein microarray slide formatted products in which antibodies are directly immobilized. Beckman Coulter s protein array products for performing micro-ELlSAS in standard 96-well plate formats are based upon the self-assembly (by hybridization) of oligonucleotide-antibody conjugates to complementary oligonucleotides arrayed in individual wells. HTG s protein array technology was described previously. 

Antibody-Enzyme Conjugate Formation through Thioether Bond... 

Figure 12.3 Scheme of multianalyte immunoassay. Four analytes (A, B, C, and D) can be detected simultaneously in a sandwich assay format in a single well of a microtiter plate. Antibodies against all four analytes are adsorbed on the wells of the plate, exposed to a mix of all four analytes, and analytes are detected by anti-toxin antibodies conjugated to various QDs. (See color insert.)... 

Ansell, S. M.,Tardi, P. G., and Buchkowsky, S. S. (1996), 3-(2-Pyridyldithio)propionic acid hydrazide as a cross-linker in the formation of liposome-antibody conjugates, Bioconjugate Chem.,1,490-496. 

The various methods utilizing a second antibody for the purpose of separation can be divided into four different types. These are post-precipitation (the most common method), primary antibody pre-precipitation (formation of a precipitate of first and second antibody before adding to the assay vessel), solid phase (second antibody conjugated to an inert solid matrix), and nonimmune globulin pre-precipitation (a new method to be described here). 

ESI-MS for Multiplex Protein Detection in Array Format by Using Metal-Antibody Conjugates... 

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