96-Wells format plates

An automated log P workstation using a shake-flask method and robotic liquid handling in 96-well plate format is commercially available [30]. The system is equipped with a diode-array spectrophotometer and equimolar nitrogen detector. 

Well Plate Format for Inhibitor Modality Studies... 

A standard Lowry-based protein assay has been adjusted to the special conditions encountered with skin [126], Basically, proteins reduce an alkaline solution of Cu(II)-tartrate to Cu(I) in a concentration-dependent manner. Then, the formation of a blue complex between Folin-Ciocalteau reagent (a solution of complex polymeric ions formed from phosphomolybdic and phosphotungstic heteropoly acids) and Cu(I) can be measured spectrophotometrically at 750 nm. A calibration curve can be obtained by dissolving known amounts of stratum corneum in 1 M sodium hydroxide. A piece of tape that has not been in contact with skin is subjected to an identical procedure and serves as negative control. The method was recently adapted to a 96-well plate format, notably reducing analysis times [129],... 

Shen, Z., Wang, S., and Bakhtiar, R., Enantiomeric separation and quantification of fluoxetine (Prozac ) in human plasma by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry using liquid-liquid extraction in 96-well plate format, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 16, 332, 2002. 

Novagen (ProteoPlex ), S S (FAST Quant), BioSource (Cartesian Array ), and BD Biosciences (BD Clontech Ab Microarrays) have introduced or will soon introduce protein microarray slide formatted products in which antibodies are directly immobilized. Beckman Coulter s protein array products for performing micro-ELlSAS in standard 96-well plate formats are based upon the self-assembly (by hybridization) of oligonucleotide-antibody conjugates to complementary oligonucleotides arrayed in individual wells. HTG s protein array technology was described previously. 

Recently, a method has been developed to microinject cell-polymer suspensions into 3-D collagen matrices in a 96-well plate format. This was used to perform a proof-of-principle screen of known signaling pathway inhibitors in murine breast cancer cells. The cells were visualized by staining of the actin cytoskeleton and effects of the compounds measured using multiparametric imaging. The system also proved amenable to the use of enzymatically... 

The PCR-based ORF cloning is basically done according to the instructions provided by Promega. The sequences of the basic primers used for the PCR are shown in Fig. Ic. PCR products of 20 pL in a 96-well plate format are purified by using the Wizard SV 96 PCR Clean-Up System. As a result, purified PCR products in 100 pL of H O are prepared. 

ORF Trap Cloning of Long ORFs into pFIK T7 Vectors in a 96-Well Plate Format... 

When large sample volumes need to be analyzed, automation of the sample preparation should be considered by using pipette robots and a 96-well plate format as opposed to single vials. 

In response to off-line SPE assays in the 96-well plate format, LC/MS analyses that feature the direct injection of plasma with on-line extraction have been reported (Ayrton et al., 1997 Needham et al., 1998). This quantitative process approach eliminates the time-... 

Human whole blood dAutomated performance "In 96-well plate format... 

Maquille et al. [121], due to the physicochemical properties (i.e., polarity and ionization state) of the investigated drugs (opiates, amphetamine, cocaine and metabolites), concluded that LLE should be selected. To automate the sample preparation procedure, this team proposed urine extraction by supported liquid-liquid extraction (SLE), a promising technique that appeared in 1997 [122], which can be easily automated in a 96-well plate format. It has been demonstrated that matrix effect is significantly minimized. 

In regards to culturing hepatocytes in a 96-well plate format, we have adopted the same conditions that we used when culturing cells in 60-mm dishes and 24-well plates (12) and simply scaled them down to a 96-well plate format. The 96-well plates are precoated with Matrigel and are commercially available (Collaborative Biomedical Products, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.) or, alternatively, normal plates can be coated with diluted Matrigel and dried overnight (27). Hepatocytes cultured on collagen-coated 96-well plates have also been reported to be suitable for CYP induction (28). 

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