Prophylactic antibiotic complications

Educate the patient on the importance of taking prophylactic antibiotics prior to having any dental or surgical procedure in an effort to prevent the future development of another infection. Stress the potential complications as well as the morbidity and mortality that are associated with IE and that taking precautions can minimize or prevent them. 

Some clinicians believe that antibiotic prophylaxis is necessary in patients with severe AP in order to prevent pancreatic infection, while others believe that this practice is unnecessary. Antibiotic use in AP remains controversial in patients without definite proof of an infection. Patients with severe AP complicated by necrosis should receive prophylactic treatment with a broad-spectrum antibiotic. 

Prior to undergoing medical termination of pregnancy, women must be informed about this rare complication. If a vaginal infection is present, antibiotics are indicated. Ideally, all women should be screened for infection and treated before termination of pregnancy. However, in practice, this is rarely done. In Europe, routine prophylactic antibiotic treatment is not uncommon [53]. 

Prophylactic antibiotics not shown to reduce incidence of wound infection after urological procedures. Bacteriuria is most common postoperative complication only patients with evidence of infected urine should be treated with antibiotics directed against the specific pathogens isolated. 

There is no chemically specific prophylactic or postexposure therapy for NOX inhalational injury. Current therapy consists of intervention directed at specific symptoms (see the earlier discussion titled General Therapeutic Considerations). Pneumonitis appears to complicate the initial pulmonary edema relatively early nevertheless, the use of prophylactic antibiotics is not indicated. 

Pelvic infection is a serious complication of HSG, causing tubal damage. In a private practice setting, the overall incidence of post-HSG pelvic infection was 1.4%, occurring predominantly in women with dilated tubes [9j. For this reason, if dilated tubes are noted during the HSG procedure, particularly if there is a dilated tube with free spill, prophylactic antibiotics (e.g., doxycycline 200 mg orally) should be given before the patient leaves the department and a prescription for 5 days should be given to the patient. 

Zangos et al. 2001 Vogl et al. 2003). Prophylactic antibiotics must not be routinely used because the fever is caused by tissue necrosis and is a predictor of treatment response (Castells et al. 1995). In the liver a degree of tumor inferction after TACE is probably unavoidable and small amounts of gas are commonly seen. However, long-lasting fever can be a sign of an abscess and consistent therapeutic treatment maybe required in these cases (Fig. 2.5.6). A very rare complication after TACE is the rupture of the treated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (Sakamoto et al. 1999). 

The liver and bile ducts are prone to procedure related complications due to direct injury by placement of the radiofrequency electrode and by the creation of devitalized hepatic tissue. Hepatic abscesses and bilomas derive from both mechanisms and must be suspected in any patient who develops significant pain or clinical signs of septicemia (i.e. tachycardia, fever, leukocytosis) beyond the first 2-4 weeks of the procedure. Adherence to strict sterile technique is essential in order to minimize the potentially life-threatening complication of overwhelming septicemia. Prophylactic intravenous antibiotics may further minimize the risk of post-procedure infections, though this practice remains controversial. 

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