Antiarthritic drugs

Elder, R.C., Tepperman, K.G., Eidsness, M.K., Heeg, M.J., Shaw, C.F. Ill and Schaeffer, N. A. (1983) Gold-based antiarthritic drugs and metabolites. Extended x-ray adsorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy and x-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES). ACS Symposium Series, 209, 385-400. 

Bau, R. (1998) Crystal structure of the antiarthritic drug gold thiomalate (Myochrysine) A double-helical geometry in the solid state. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 120, 9380-9381. 

Elder, R.C., Ludwig, K, Cooper, J.N. and Eidsness, M.K (1985) EXAFS and WAXS structure determination for an antiarthritic drug, sodium gold(l) thiomalate. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 107, 5024—5026. 

Arthritis, gold antiarthritic drugs, 36 17-23 Arthromyces ramosus peroxidase, 43 79 active-site structure, 43 85, 87 crystal structure, 43 84-87 residue location, 43 101-102 van der Waals surfaces, 43 112-113 Aryl... 

Thiolate ligands also afford an interesting variety of species [156-161]. Because or their relation with the antiarthritic drug Auranofin, thiolate-goldphosphine derivatives have received great interest. The simplest structures are those in which the thiolate bridges two gold atoms and thus different compounds of stoichiometry... 

A very large number of copper compounds have been tested for antiinflammatory activity, and various copper complexes of antiarthritic drugs have been found to be more effective than the parent drugs alone (including aspirin, D-penicillamine, ketoprofen and gold thiomalate).25... 

Special Concerns for Antiarthritic Drug Therapy in Rehabilitation Patients... 

A major type of headache that must be considered in differential diagnosis is that caused by underlying disease intracranial disturbances (e.g., vascular anomalies, infections, tumors, trauma) diseases involving the head and neck but not the brain (e.g., cervical osteoarthritis disorders of eye, ear, nose, sinuses, and throat cranial neuralgias) and systemic diseases (e.g., sudden and severe hypertension, hyperthyroidism). These headaches usually can be relieved by specific therapy for the underlying disorder (e.g., surgical correction of tumors, antibiotics for infections, antiarthritic drugs for osteoarthritis). 

Investigations of small molecules of biological interest by EXAFS include identification as to whether or not dimeric products of the anticancer drug cisplatin are formed before its interaction with DNA (Teo et al., 1978 Hitchcock et al., 1982) and determination of the fate of gold-based antiarthritic drugs which have been shown to be polymeric when absorbed into cells (Mazid et al., 1980). 

Mazid, MA, Razi, M.T., Sadler, RJ., Greaves, G.N., Gurman, S.J., Koch, M.H.J. and Phillips, J.C. (1980) An EXAFS study of gold coordination in the antiarthritic drugs myocrisinand solgariol. /. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., 1261-1263. 

Barefoot, R.R. and Van Loon, J.C. (1996) Determination of platinum and gold in anticancer and antiarthritic drugs and metabolites. Anal. Chim. Acta, 334, 5-14. 

FIGURE 16-21 Gold Antiarthritic Drugs, (a) Sodium aurothioraalate. (b) Aurothioglucose. (c) Auranofin. 

Similarly, no crystal structure is available yet for the important class of Zn(II) enzymes that hydrolyze collagen. Collagenase has some very unusual properties, being activated by organomercurials, and Mallya and Van Wart have reported a remarkable inhibition of human neutrophil collagenase by the antiarthritic drugs aurothiomalate and aurothioglucose at nanomolar concentrations (138). The activity of such enzymes in vivo may be finely controlled by local concentrations of Zn(II), Cu(I), and inhibitors such as Au(I). 

The antiarthritic drug naproxen (S-70) has a fully interlocked structure, but it exhibits prominent irregular channels to both sides of an infinite linear hydrogen bond array of the carboxylic groups (Fig. 2.1.55). This should make it sensitive to exposure to proper atmospheric pollutants. Indeed, crystalline 70 reacts with gaseous ammonia, methylamine, or diluted bromine without melting [70],... 

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