Anti-androgenic

Filby, A.L., Thorpe, K.L., Maack, G. et al. (2007b). Gene expression profiles revealing the mechanisms of anti-androgen and estrogen-induced feminization in fish. Aquatic... 

Jobling, S., Bum, R.W., and Thorpe, K.L. et al. (2008). Anti-androgens in wastewater treatment works effluents contribute to sexual disruption in wild fish living in English rivers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, submitted. 

Johnson, L, Hetheridge, M., and Tyler, C.R. (2004). Assessment of the (Anti-) Oestrogenic and (Anti-) Androgenic Activity of Sewage Treatment Works Effluent. R D Technical Report, Environment Agency. 

Sebire, M., Holtorf, K., and Sanders, M. et al. (2008). Fenitrothion acts as anti-androgen and disrupts the reproductive behaviour of the three-spined stickleback. Ecotoxicology (accepted). 

Sohoni, P. and Sumpter, J.P. (1998). Several environmental oestrogens are also anti-androgens. Journal of Endocrinology 158, 327-339. 

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the use of a monophasic OC containing 30 meg ethinyl estradiol and 3 mg drospirenone, a progesterone with anti-androgenic effects, showed improvement in the treatment arm compared with placebo.31 In particular, appetite, food cravings, and acne improved. However, active treatment was not associated with a statistically significant improvement in the overall outcome measure, the Calendar of Premenstrual Experiences (COPE) scale, perhaps because of the small sample size (n = 82). 

Anti-androgens and hormones 5a-Reductase inhibitors Progesterone and estrogen Recreational drugs Ethanol Cocaine Marijuana... 

Anti androgens GnRH analogs Steroid synthesis inhibitors f>a reductase inhibitors Testosterone receptor inhibitors... 

Yamada T, Ueda S, Yoshioka K et al (2003) Lack of estrogenic or (anti-)androgenic effects of d-phenothrin in the uterotropic and Hershberger assays. Toxicology 186 227-239... 

Kunimatsu T, Yamada T, Ose K et al (2002) Lack of (anti-)androgenic or estrogenic effects of three pyrethroids (esfenvalerate, fenvalerate, and permethrin) in the Hershberger and uterotrophic assays. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 35 227-237... 

Vasopressin plays a major role in the control of blood pressure, which is probably essential for vasocongestion or erection. cOxytocin gene expression occurs in ovary and testes, but the exact functions remain unknown. dProgestins, such as cyproterone acetate, are used clinically as anti-androgens (Kravitz, et ah, 1995). 

Abnormalities associated with primary and secondary sex organs, systemic hormone concentrations, and thyroid resulting from anti-androgenic and thyroid activity... 

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