Anopheles quadrimaculatus

Repellents on Cloth. Each candidate repellent is appHed to a knit cotton stocking or cloth patch at 3.3 g/m cloth, usually as a 1% solution of active ingredient (AI) ia acetone. Two hours later, the stock or cloth patch is placed over an untreated nylon stocking on the arm of a subject, the hand covered, and the arm exposed to 1500 female mosquitoes for one minute. If fewer than five bites are counted, the test is repeated at 24 h, then weekly until failure, which is, by definition, five bites per minute. The standard mosquitoes used are Piedes aegppti Anopheles quadrimaculatus or M. albimanus. Candidate repellents ia cloth tests are ia one of the foUowiag classes class 1, effective 0 d class 2, 1—5 d class 3, 6—10 d class 4, 11—21 d and class 5, >21 d. 

Heeds indirectly affect the health of man and animals by harboring animals or insects. Control of aquatic weeds is effective for mosquito (Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say) control by eliminating breeding habitats. In control of the tsetse fly (Glossian spp.) (vector of sleeping sickness in Africa), herbicides are involved to reduce growth of the brush so essential to the survival of the fly. 

Table II. Dehydrochlorination-Rate Constants and Toxicity to Anopheles quadrimaculatus Larvae of Isomers of Benzene Hexachloride...

Moore, J.B. and S.G. Breeland. 1967. Field evaluation of two mosquito larvicides, Abate and Dursban against Anopheles quadrimaculatus and associated Culex species. Mosquito News 27 105-111. 

Deonier, C.C., H.A. Jones, and H.H. Incho. 1946. Organic compounds effective against larvae of Anopheles quadrimaculatus — laboratory tests. Jour. Econ. Entomol. 39 459-462. 

A fine mesh wire screen was then fitted over the tanks to confine the larvae on the plants. The caterpillars consumed the plants within 3 to 4 days and contaminated the water with their excreta and leaf frass. In their search for more food, the caterpillars also ended up contaminating the water themselves. Approximately 300 mosquito larvae (Anopheles quadrimaculatus) were added to the ecosystem after 26 days and 4 days later 50 were removed for... 

Table I. Per Cent Mortality of Fourth-Instar Larvae of Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say at Various Intervals after Treatment with Several Oils at 1 Gallon per Acre...

Analysis of the cuticular hydrocarbons among species of the Anopheles quadrimaculatus complex (Diptera Culicidae)../. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc., 13 Suppl, 103-111. 

The activity of MLA.citrate against insects and mites was tested and compared with the activity of the Delphinium seed extract (Table 1). The properties were found to be very similar, the main difference being that the MLA.citrate was not active against Tetra-nychus urticae or Anopheles quadrimaculatus. It is thought that... 

Mosquito, malaria Anopheles quadrimaculatus) Mosquito, yellow-fever Aedes aegypti) 1.91 m2.99 f3.45 m 1.37 f 1.66 (3.6-3.9)... 

J. B. Gahan et al., DDT as a residual type treatment to control Anopheles quadrimaculatus Practical tests. Journal of Economic Entorrwlogy, 38, 231,1945. 

Field tests of repellents may target a major pest or vector species, such as Anopheles gambiae (Giles), Aedes aegypti L., or Culex quinquefasciatus (Say), as part of ongoing research on that species, but programs dedicated specifically to the research and development of insect repellents also select field test species on the basis of local availability, as well as medical and/or veterinary importance. Historically, Anopheles quadrimaculatus (Say), Aedes taeniorhynchus (Wiedeman), and Aedes vexans (Meigen) have been frequently used as field test species in the eastern United States. 

Repellent Codes Anopheles quadrimaculatus Aedes aegypti Culex quinquefascatus... 

R. D. Xue et al.. Laboratory evaluation of 18 repellent compounds as oviposition deterrents of Aedes albopictus and as larvicides of Aedes aegypti. Anopheles quadrimaculatus, and Culex quinquefasciatus, J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc., 19, 397, 2003. 

R. D. Xue et al., Effects of in vivo exposure to DEET on blood feeding behavior and fecundity in Anopheles quadrimaculatus (Diptera Culicidae), Exp. Parasitol, 116, 201, 2007. 

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