Animals selective breeding

Maintenance of conditions ia the culture environment that keep stress to a minimum is one of the best methods of a voiding diseases. Vacciaes have beea developed agaiast several diseases and more are under development. Selective breeding of animals with disease resistance has met with only limited success. Good sanitation and disiafection of contaminated faciUties are important avoidance and control measure. Some disiafectants are Hsted ia Table 6. Poad soils can be sterilized with burnt lime (CaO), hydrated lime [Ca(OH)2], or chlorine compounds (12). 

Overstreet DH, Russel RW, Helps SC, Messenger M (1979) Selective breeding for sensitivity to the anticholinesterase, DFP. Psychopharmacology (fieri) 65 15-20 Overstreet DH, Rezvani AH, Janowsky DS (1992) Mandsley reactive and nonreactive rats differ only in some tasks reflecting emotionality. Physiol Behav 52 149-152 Overstreet DH, PncUowski O, Rezvani AH, Janowsky DS (1995) Administration of antidepressants, diazepam and psychomotor stimulants further confirms the utility of Flinders sensitive line rats as an animal model of depression. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 121 27-37... 

It is highly desirable to seek the cooperation of the food and agriculture industries. Of particular benefit would be encouraging selective breeding of lean animals, to the extent feasible, reduction in the use of chemicals with known or suspected adverse effects, and the promotion of nutritionally more desirable products ... 

Chapman KP, Stafford WW, Day CE (1976) Produced by selective breeding of Japanese quail animal model for experimental atherosclerosis. In Day CE (ed) Atherosclerosis Drug Discovery. Plenum Press, New York, London, pp 347-356... 

Cultural selection—Selection by humans of individual animals having some desirable, genetically based traits, leading to evolution at the population level. This selective breeding eventually results in the development of distinctive varieties of domesticated species of plants and animals. 

Because of selective breeding, domestic rabbits are now available in a wide range of genetically based varieties, which differ in size, shape, color, length of fur, and other characteristics. Many domestic rabbits are raised specifically for food, others are used as laboratory animals, and many others are kept as pets. 

In a sense, genetic engineering on an organismal level has been around since humans first started to use selective breeding on plants and animals. This procedure did not deal directly with the molecular nature of genetic material, nor was the appearance of traits under human control. Breeders had to cope with changes that arose spontaneously, and the only choice was whether to breed for a trait or to let it die out. An understanding of the molecular nature of heredity and the ability to manipulate those molecules in the laboratory have, of course, added to our ability to control the appearance of these traits. 

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