Aniline gravity product

Heating value. The heat of combustion determination may be waived at the option of the Inspector if the aniline-gravity product of the fuel is not less than the numerical values specified in Table I. The aniline-gravity product... 

An alternative criterion of energy content is the aniline gravity product (AGP), which is fairly accurately related to calorific value but more easily determined. It is the product of the gravity at 60°F (expressed in degrees API) and the aniline point of the gasoline in °F (ASTM D-611, IP 2). The aniline point is the lowest temperature at which the gasoline is miscible with an equal volume of aniline and is inversely proportional to the aromatic content and related to the calorific value (ASTM D-1405, IP 193). 

The aniline gravity product is not always suitable for determining the heat of combustion because of the difficulties that can be encountered in determining the aniline point of the fuel (ASTM D-611, IP 2). It is... 

Phcnylcarbyinmine chloride is produced by chlorinating phenyl mustard oil (C HjKCS), derivM from I lie action of carbon disulfide on aniline. The product Is a tran.spurent liquid, of 1.3o specific gravity, which IxiiLs at (410" .), yielding a vapor 6.0 times heavier than air. 

Trend the feedstock properties look for changes in the K factor, 1,050°F+ (565°C+), aniline point, refractive index, and °API gravity. The feed endpoint may have been increased to fill the unit. The conversion penalty may be a small price to pay for the increased capacity, but the penalty can be minimized. Verify that the refinery LP reflects current data on yields and product quality. 

Whole Product Properties Gravity, °API Aniline Point, °F Sulfur, ppm Nitrogen, ppm Gum, ppm... 

C5-400°F product gravity, API aniline point (°F) sulfur (ppm) nitrogen (ppm) low mass, LV % paraffins naphthenes aromatics... 

F-end point product gravity, API aniline point (°F) sulfur (ppm) nitrogen (ppm) molecular weight pour point, ASTM (°F) bromine no. viscosity, cSt, 122°F viscosity, cSt, 210 °F ASTM D 1160 distillation (°F) St/5 10/30 50... 

Base stock specifications, as defined by the producer or the purchaser, largely enumerate the physical properties required for the fluid—typically density, viscosity at two temperatures, viscosity index (VI), low temperature performance measures, flash and volatility properties, and solubility information from aniline point or viscosity-gravity constant (VGC)—the latter two are usually for naphthenic base stocks. While chemical composition is responsible for physical properties, it usually only surfaces as measurements of heteroatom content—sulfur and nitrogen—and aromatics content (or conversely that of saturates). Sulfur and aromatics levels in paraffinic base stocks are now criteria for American Petroleum Institute (API) classifications. However, detailed chemical compositional information is needed to understand the chemistry of the unit processes, the effects of changes in feeds, catalysts, and operating conditions, and behaviors of finished lubricant products. 

The process engineer can recognize a heat exchanger leaking fresh feed into the slurry pumparound by analyzing the slurry oil product for paraffins. An increase in paraffin content from near zero to several percent usually indicates the presence of fresh feed in the slurry. If feedstock and operating conditions are relatively constant, increases in slurry oil API gravity or aniline point may also indicate fresh feed in the slurry. 

Tests of the fuel oil fraction normally include determination of density or specific gravity, total sulfur, aniline point, total acid number, naphthalenes content, smoke point, total nitrogen, viscosity, cloud point (ASTM Test Method D2500, Cloud Point of Petroleum Oils), pour point (ASTM Test Method D97, Pour Point of Petroleum Oils), and calculation of cetane index. Corrosiveness, ash (ASTM Test Method D482, Ash from Petroleum Products), and carbon residue might also be determined in more thorough evaluations. 

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