Aniline blue

Qualitative Analysis. Several quaUtative analyses can be employed. For example, in the oxamide method (59), oxaUc acid is first heated at approximately 200°C with concentrated aqueous ammonia in a sealed tube. When thiobarbituric acid is added and heated to 140°C, a condensed compound of red color forms. The analysis limit is 1.6 pg. In the diphenylamine blue method (59,60), oxaUc acid is heated with diphenylamine to form a blue color, aniline blue. The analysis limit is 5 pg. 

Fluorescence-Labeling Suberized Lamellae with Berberine-Aniline Blue... 

Suberized lamellae in casparian strips can be located using the berbe-rine-aniline blue fluorescence staining method, which works equally... 

The Berberine-Aniline Blue Fluorescence Method for Suberized Lamellae... 

Brundrett MC, Enstone DE, Peterson CA. A herherine-aniline blue fluorescent staining procedure for suberin, lignin and callose in plant tissues. Protoplasma 1988 146 133-142. 

Fluorescence Microscopy of Aniline Blue Stained Pistils... 

The pollen tube walls contain callose-like polysaccharides that absorb aniline blue. That is why this method is very useful to detect pollen tube elongation and to understand how the tube penetrates the inside of the pistil tissue. The pollen tubes grow from the surface ofthe stigma through... 

PROTOCOL FOR STAINING PISTILS WITH ANILINE BLUE... 

The medium for maceration (HC1 or NaOH) depends on the material and purpose of staining. If fresh material is at hand, NaOH is best. It keeps material at the proper pH even after washing a few times in water. It is very important to achieve a pH of 9.0-10.0 to obtain the proper fluorescence of callose after staining with aniline blue. 

Solution of aniline blue 0.005% or 0.01% of water-soluble stain in phosphate buffer, pH 9.5. 

Mix aniline blue solution with glycerin in 1 1 proportions. 

The aniline blue stain penetrates macerated tissue very quickly and in a few minutes the slide is ready to be observed. Slides do not dry out for several hours. They can be stored for a longer time (about 2 wk) in a cool, dark place if sealed around the coverslip with parafilm or Vaseline. 

Currier HB, Strugger S. Aniline blue and fluorescence microscopy of callose in bulb scales of Allium cepa L. Protoplasma 1956 4 552-559. 

Plant Cells and Tissues Structure-Function Relationships. Methods for the Cytochemical/Histochemical Localization of Plant Cell/Tissue Chemicals. Methods in Light Microscope Radioautography. Some Fluorescence Microscopical Methods for Use with Algal, Fungal, and Plant Cells. Fluorescence Microscopy of Aniline Blue Stained Pistils. A Short Introduction to Immunocytochemistry and a Protocol for Immunovi-sualization of Proteins with Alkaline Phosphatase. The Fixation of Chemical Forms on Nitrocellulose Membranes. Dark-Field Microscopy and Its Application to Pollen Tube Culture. Computer-Assisted Microphotometry. Isolation and Characterization of... 

Foltz DR, Jansen LE, Black BE, Bailey AO, Yates JR, Cleveland DW (2006) The human CENP-A centromeric nucleosome-associated complex. Nat Cell Biol 8 458 69 Foresta C, Zorzi M, Rossato M, Varotto A (1992) Sperm nuclear instability and staining with aniline blue abnormal persistence of histones in spermatozoa in infertile men. Int J Androl 15 330-337 Fukagawa T, Nogami M, Yoshikawa M, Ikeno M, Okazaki T, Takami Y, Nakayama T, Oshimura M (2004) Dicer is essential for formation of the heterochromatin structure in vertebrate cells. Nat Cell Biol 6 784-791... 

Hofmann N, Hilscher B (1991) Use of aniline blue to assess chromatin condensation in morphologically normal spermatozoa in normal and infertile men. Hum Reprod 6 979-982 Howman EV, Fowler KJ, Newson AJ, Redward S, MacDonald AC, Kalitsis P, Choo KH (2000) Early disruption of centromeric chromatin organization in centromere protein A (Cenpa) null mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97 1148-1153... 

The aniline blue test was used for the detection of oxalic acid (13). 

Artificial Organic Dyes.—Indigo carmine may be adulterated with artificial organic dyes, especially aniline blue. If silk is dyed with an acidified solution of the carmine and then washed and boiled with water, the fibre will become colourless if the carmine is pure, but remains blue if aniline blue is present. 

Aniline blue/blue T base methine Solvent Blue 23 solvent... 

Microscopic counting is still the most direct method of estimating the amount of microbial biomass in soil but is technically difficult and completely unsuitable for routine use. Thin films are prepared from an agar-soil suspension, are mounted on microscope slides, and then are treated with an appropriate stain. Phenolic aniline blue is often used as it stains protein and is thus considered to give an estimate of the entire population. The numbers... 

Unsubstituted polysaccharides do not appreciably absorb ultraviolet and visible radiation, but they can be made to do so intensely by combining them with chromophores and chromogens (e.g., a-naphthol, dihydroxynaph-thalein, anthrone, carbazole, phenol-sulfuric acid, 2-thiobarbituric acid, tolu-idine blue, diphenylamine, Congo red, aniline blue, and methyl orange), usually in acidic or basic media. Coloration is normally preceded by depoly-... 

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