Thalassemia Anemia

Other diseases Autoimmune diseases Amyloidosis Aplastic anemia Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria Fanconi s anemia Thalassemia major Sickle cell anemia Severe combined immunodeficiency Inborn errors of metabolism... 

RFLPs are often a reflection of individual genetic diversity and are not related to a clinical phenotype, but occasionally they can be diagnostic of an inherited disease. This technique is relatively new yet, it has been applied to the prenatal detection of sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, phenylketonuria, a,-antitrypsin deficiency, Huntington s chorea, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, hemophilia A and B, cystic fibrosis, and several other, diseases. 

Macrocytic anemias Megaloblastic anemias Vitamin B12 deficiency Folic acid deficiency anemia Microcytic hypochromic anemias Iron-deficiency anemia Genetic anomaly Sickle cell anemia Thalassemia... 

The safety and efficacy of darbepoetin therapy have not been established in patients with underlying hematologic diseases (eg, hemolytic anemia, sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, porphyria). 

Thalassemia Cooley s anemia (thalassemia major) + -1- P -mRN A markedly reduced -genes present... 

Membrane defect Spherocytosis and elliptocytosis Hemoglobin defect Sickle cell anemia Thalassemia syndrome Metabol ic defect... 

The Hippocratic view turns out to be the more correct even from a modern molecular perspective, as follows. Consider the modern evidence about the different red blood cell disorders of favism, sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, all believed to be known (at least to some extent) to the ancient Greeks. The point is that it is impossible to use the notion of bad here for the simple reason that these almost certainly conferred an advantage to survival at some stage in history, and prehistory. 

Enhanced etythroc3i e apoptosis in sickle cell anemia, thalassemia and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. 

There are two types of thalassemia one resembling typical anemia (thalassemia major), and another in which only minor blood changes occur (thalassemia minor). Thalassemia minor occurs only in the heterozygotes who carry the gene for thalassemia and the gene for normal hemoglobin. 

In primates, iron, metabolism is highly efficient 13,14, 15,16,17) Little of the metal is absorbed no specific mechanism exists for its elimination. Because it cannot be effectively cleared, the introduction of excess iron 18, 19, 20) into this closed metabolic loop leads to chronic overload and ultimately to peroxidative tissue damage. For example, patients with severe refractory anemia, such as Cooley s anemia ( -thalassemia major), require chronic transfusions, which increase their body iron by 200-250 mg with each unit of blood administered. Unless these individuals receive chelation therapy, they frequently die in their second or third decade from complications associated with iron overload. 

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