Anemia salina

The brine shrimp (Anemia salina) has been evaluated as an alternative to the mouse bioassay for use in cyanobacterial toxicity screening assays." " " As in the... 

Anticrustacean activity. Ethanol (10%) extract of the fresh leaf was active on Anemia salina, lethal doscjo 164 M-g/mh. The... 

Conte F, Conte P (1988) Abundance and spatial distribution of Anemia salina in lake Abert, Oregon. Hydrobiologia 158 167-172... 

Lahti et al. (1995) assessed three bioassays to determine which were the ones allowing a rapid detection of cyanobacterial hepatoxins and neurotoxins (Lahti et al., 1995). Anemia salina, luminescent bacteria, and Pseudomonasputida were evaluated and compared. The study showed that only the A. salina test detected the toxicity of microcystins, nodularin, and AN. Moreover, it also showed that hepatotoxins cause larvae death whereas AN only affects the ability of the larvae to move forward. Therefore, this assay can be used as an indicator but obviously not for quantification. 

The amount of zooplankton is known to decrease under cyanobacterial bloom conditions. Most studies on the effects of cyanobacteria on zooplankton have dealt with Daphnia spp. Fewer studies have been done with crustaceans and rotifers. Out of the invertebrate biotests commonly used, the Anemia salina test seemed attractive [156]. One advantage of A. salina as a test organism is that it is easy to grow from dried eggs available in any aquarium shop. 

Anemia salina (brine shrimp) Yolk granules 600 000-700 000 Gel Sedimentation 15.5 9 deChaffoy and Kondo (1980) deChaffoy et al. (1980)... 

Byard EH, Aiken DE (1984) The relationship between molting, reproduction, and a hemolymph female-specific protein in the lobster, Homarus americanus. Comp Biochem Physiol 77A 749-757 Cheesman DF, Lee WL, Zagalsky PF (1967) Carotenoproteins in invertebrates. Biol Rev 42 132-160 deChaflby D, Kondo M (1980) Lipovitellin from the crustacean. Anemia salina. J Biol Chem 255 6727-6732... 

HACHE R and PLANTE s (2011) The relationship between enrichment, fatty acid profiles and bacterial load in cultured rotifers (Brachionus plicatilis L-strain) and Anemia (Anemia salina strain Eranciscana), Aquaculture, 311,201-208. 

SOLORZANO Y, VIANA M T, l6PEZ L M, CORREA J G, TRUE C C and ROSAS C (2009) Response of newly hatched Octopus bimaculoides fed enriched Anemia salina growth performance, ontogeny of the digestive enzyme and tissne amino acid content , Aquaculture, 289,84-90. 

To feed captive jellyfish requires basic knowledge of the feeding behaviour of the species in their natural environment (Table 13.2). Most jellyfish and ctenophores are predators and most require living prey. The best is to feed with fresh zooplankton, but few caretakers have daily access. Feeding jellyfish with a variety of items is very important to ensure the growth. Newly-hatched Anemia salina nauplii are used to feed most jellies. This serves well as the basis during the entire life-cycle however, nutritional supplements are necessary. Without additions to their diets, captive jellyfish become deformed and may die. Dietary additives (encapsulated diets, e.g. produced by INVE) for A. salina nauplii are commercially available. 

Insecticidal assay. The bioassay for insecticidal properties was conducted on 4th instar mosquito larvae, Aedes aegyptiy reared from the mosquito eggs (University of Davis California Straw, courtesy of Dr. David Grant) and on brine shrimp. Anemia salina Leach (obtained loc y). For the mosquitocidal assay, 10 larvae were placed in 975 fil distilled water and 25 pi of test compounds in DMSO were added and mixed at room temperature. The number of dead larvae was recorded at 2, 4 and 24 h intervals. The control tube containing 10 larvae received 25 pi of DMSO alone and mortality was recorded as in the case of test compounds. 

Many papers on biotransformation of arsenic via marine food chains have been published. For example, three trophic levels of marine organisms (phytoplankton Dunaliella marina zooplankton Anemia salina and shrimp Lysmata seticaudata) were tested for their arsenic metabolism [41]. The experimental results led to the conclusion that organic forms of arsenic in marine food webs were derived from in vivo synthesis by primary producers and were efficiently transferred along a marine food chain. The shrimp, the highest trophic level in this food chain, could not form organic arsenic by itself. In this case, arsenate taken up from water was converted largely to arsenite. Similar conclusions were obtained from experimental results on a phytoplankton-mussel... 

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