And sulfathiazole

Chemically synthesized antimicrobials used in animal and poultry feeds include arsenicals, eg, arsanilic acid [98-50-0] sodium arsanilate [127-85-5] and roxarsone [121-19-7]-, sulfa dmgs, eg, sulfadimethoxine [122-11-2], sulfamethazine [57-68-1], and sulfathiazole [72-14-0]-, carbadox [6804-07-5]-, and nitrofurans, eg, furazoHdone [67 5-8] and nitrofurazone [59-87-0] (see Antibacterial agents, synthetic Antiparasitic agents). 

A/ -HeterocycHc derivatives can be formed in some cases by a ring closure to give the heterocycle. Sulfadiazine, sulfamethazine, sulfamerazine, and sulfathiazole have been prepared in this fashion, but also by the usual procedure from the sulfonyl chloride and heterocycHc amine. The synthesis of sulfamethazine from sulfaguanidine is an example of the ring closure method. 

Sulfanomides Sulfadimethaoxine, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine, and sulfathiazole Urinary tract infections... 

Raman spectroscopy has been used to characterize polymorphic forms of griseofulvin [50] and sulfathiazole [51]. In both of these studies, the lattice... 

The release kinetics from the tablets of the drug-polymer complexes were carried out in buffered release media containing 0.01 M phosphate and NaCl ranging from 0.2 M to 0.02 M at 37°C by the USP basket method at 100 rpm. Drug release was monitored on a HP 8452A diode-array spectrophotometer at 250, 306, 306, 270, 278, 278, and 274 nm for sodium diclofenac and sulfathiazole, labetalol HCl, propranolol HCl, verapamil HCl, and diltiazem HCl, respectively. 

The short-acting sulfonamides include sulfadimidine, sulfamerazine and sulfathiazole. Sulfadimidine, as the most important representative of this group, is relatively soluble and has therefore a lower risk of causing crystalluria while sulfamerazine and sulfathiazole are less soluble sulfonamides. Sulfadimidine has good oral absorption. It has an elimination half-life between 1.5 and 5 hours, depending on acetylator phenotype. 

Fig. 2. Response surfaces of a separation quality criterion from chromatograms of sulfanilamide, sulfacetamide, sulfadiazine, sulfisomidine and sulfathiazole, with eluents consisting of water, methanol and acetonitrile, (a) with, and (b) without Hennite polynomial coefficients.

Dissolve Kollidon and sulfathiazole at 70 °C in water and cool slowly to room temperature. 

Apart from dyes and surfactants, polymeric molecules also influence the crystal habit of developing crystals. Sulfathiazole has been reported to grow out in finger-like protrusions in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). It was suggested that PVP formed a net over the developing crystals. The effective pore size in the net and growth inhibition depended on the relative transport rates of PVP and sulfathiazole to crystal surface. Carbamazepine (anhydrous) is... 

Para-aminobenzoic acid is destroyed on irradiation in aqueous solution by deamination and decarboxylation. Sulfanilamide and sulfathiazole are inactivated presumably because of deamination. The cobalt in vitamin B12 is reduced on irradiation from - -3 to the +2 state. 

Sulfacetamide, A benzoyl sulfanilamide and sulfathiazole have been determined in pharmaceutical preparations by measuring absorbance of the mixture in 0.1 N hydrochloric acid at 220,235 and 280 nm respectively (42). Madsen et al. (43,44) have performed computer analysis of the multicomponent UV spectra of sulfonamides. The errors in concentration determined from the spectra between 240 and 272 nm are lower when the spectra are analysed by a linear-squares method considering the data over the whole wavelength range compared with the determination using the data at a single wave length. The method has been applied to the assay of sulfacetamide sodium eye-drops. 

Automated densitometry after TLC separation has been used for the determination of sulfacetamide, sulfamethazine and sulfathiazole in a compound preparation. The sulfonamide mixture is chromatographed on polyamide plates with dioxane-propanol-ethyl acetate (4 3 2), chloroform-methanol (16 3), chloroform-ethyl acetate-ethanol (2 2 1), and benzene- isobutanol-pyridine (4 3 0.5). Combinations of the first and third and second and third solvents are used for two-dimensional TLC of the compounds followed by determination by densitometry (92). 

HPLC on pBondapak Ph column with UV detection at 280 nm has been used for the determination of sulfacetamide, sulfabenzamide and sulfathiazole in a triple sulfa cream. The mobile phase consists of a 7 3 mixture of 0.01 M ammonium hydrogen phosphate and methanol (pH 7.2). The proposed method has been shown to give better results for sulfacetamide assay compared with those of the USP method (97). Sulfacetamide, sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine and sulfamethazine in mixtures and in pharmaceuticals have been determined by HPLC using a nonpolar column with methanol-0.02 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate in water as the mobile phase and a variable wavelength UV detector. The method is precise with relative standard deviations of 2.1, 0.6,1.9 and 1.6% respectively for the four compounds. The preservatives do not interfere with the method (98). 

A pharmaceutical mixture contains two drugs, sulfanilamide and sulfathiazole. When the UV spectrum of the mixture was obtained, it was found that the two spectra overlapped as shown below in Figure 7.26. Pure samples of each drug were available and the spectrum for each drug was obtained under identical conditions. Using the data tabulated below, calculate the concentrations of each drug in the mixture. 

The drug exerts its action topically in conjunction with sulphabenzamide and sulfathiazole for the control and treatment of vaginitis caused due to the microorganism Gardnerella (Hemophilus) vaginalis. It has half-life of 7 hours. 

It can be prepared by heating together succinic anhydride and sulfathiazole. 

The layer-type structure is observed in jS-CyD complexes with triethylenediamine [128] 18 and sulfathiazole [129] 19. The jS-CyD ring is arranged in a molecular layer stacked along the crystallographic two-fold axis. A part of the guest molecule... 

An in vitro study demonstrated that the amount of procaine in the pleural fluid after anaesthesia for thoracentesis was sufficient to inhibit the antibacterial activity of 0.005% sulfapyridine against type El pneumococci. Another in vitro study found that some local anaesthetics derived from PABA inhibited the bacteriostatic activity of sulfapyridine and sulfathiazole but some other local anaesthetics not derived from PABA did not affect the antibacterial activity of these sulfonamides. Other studies in animals confirm that both in vitro and in vivo antagonism can occur between sulfonamides and local anaesthetics that are hydrolysed to PABA. 

Waszynski, E. 1977. Noimeoplastic and neoplastic changes in the kidneys and other organs in rodents fed lead acetate and sulfathiazole chronically. Pathol. Pol. 28 101-111. 

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