Ancillary buildings

Ancillary buildings, offices, laboratory buildings, workshops. 

In the discussion of process and equipment design given in the previous chapters no reference was made to the plant site. A suitable site must be found for a new project, and the site and equipment layout planned. Provision must be made for the ancillary buildings and services needed for plant operation and for the environmentally acceptable disposal of effluent. These subjects are discussed briefly in this chapter. 

The process units and ancillary buildings should be laid out to give the most economical flow of materials and personnel around the site. Hazardous processes must be located at a safe distance from other buildings. Consideration must also be given to the future expansion of the site. The ancillary buildings and services required on a site, in addition to the main processing units (buildings), will include ... 

The location of the principal ancillary buildings should then be decided. They should be arranged so as to minimise the time spent by personnel in travelling between buildings. Administration offices and laboratories, in which a relatively large number of people will be working, should be located well away from potentially hazardous processes. Control rooms will normally be located adjacent to the processing units, but with potentially hazardous processes may have to be sited at a safer distance. 

By contrast, the problems associated with the ancillary building units, e.g., the proper design of devices for the generation of well defined and stationary feed streams or of good devices for product sampling (cf. Fig. 1) have received very scarce attention in the literature [ 16, 17]. From a critical evaluation of the pertinent literature, one is led to conclude that these problems tend to be overlooked by too many experimentalists and that unduly simple and inappropriate methods are... 

Table 8-4 presents the estimated cost for D D based on the premise that the N Reactor and all ancillary buildings will be demolished. Figure 8-2 is the cost breakdown for the 105N and 109N buildings. The cost, which is 89 percent of the total D O effort, has been broken into elements to illustrate the impact of radioactive and hazardous waste disposal on the demolition of these structures. 

During 1994—1995 both reactors were taken to stage two decommissioning, and it is now intended that they should remain in the state of care and maintenance until 2040, by which time most of the radioactive material within the reactors will have decayed sufficiently to be disposed of as low-level waste. The ancillary buildings have been demolished and the area landscaped. Other reactors, where radiation levels were higher, have been defueled and left in care and maintenance. Radioachvity decreases with rime, and isotopes such as trihum, with its half-hfe of just over 12 years, will gradually decay away. 

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