Erythrocytes analysis

FIGURE 10.5 A model for the arrangement of the glucose transport protein in the erythrocyte membrane. Hydropathy analysis is consistent with 12 transmembrane helical segments. 

H6. Hirono, A., Fujii, H Natori, H., Kurokawa, I., and Miwa, S., Chromatographic analysis of human erythrocyte pyrimidine 5 -nucleotidase from five patients with primidine 5 -nucleotidase deficiency. Br. J. Haematol. 65,35-41 (1987). 

Wang, K., and Richards, F. (1974) An approach to nearest neighbor analysis of membrane proteins. Application to the human erythrocyte membrane of a method employing cleavable cross-linkages. J. Biol. Chem. 249, 8005-8018. 

Ieronimo M, Afonin S, Koch K, Berditsch M, Wadhwani P, Ulrich AS (2010) 19F NMR analysis of the antimicrobial peptide PGLa bound to native cell membranes from bacterial protoplasts and human erythrocytes. J Am Chem Soc 132 8822-8824... 

Quiros L, Ruiz X, Sanpera C, Jover L, Pina B (2008) Analysis of micronucleated erythrocytes in heron nestlings from reference and impacted sites in the Ebro basin (N.E. Spain). Environ Pollut 155 81-87... 

The patient s white blood cell count may be normal or only slightly elevated. Nonspecific findings include anemia (normocytic, normochromic), thrombocytopenia, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate or C-reactive protein, and altered urinary analysis (proteinuria/microscopic hematuria). 

There is a great deal of interest in the determination of lead, particularly micromethods applicable to the analysis blood lead in children. Consequently, reports continue to appear on the atomic absorption determination of lead in blood and urine. Ninety percent of blood lead is found in the erythrocytes and, therefore, whole blood is analyzed rather than serum or plasma. Berman etal. 134) have described a procedure for determining normal lead levels in which only 250 fd of blood are taken. The blood is deproteinized with 1 ml of 10 % trichloroacetic acid and then the lead is extracted with APDC into 1 ml of MIBK, at pH 3.5. 

Hematological Effects. Routine blood parameters (hemoglobin, erythrocyte, leukocyte and thrombocyte levels) measured in 11 hexachloroethane workers did not differ from those of the controls (Selden et al. 1994). Plasma hexachloroethane levels in these workers, who wore protective equipment, were 7.3 + 6.04 pg/L at the time of the hematological analysis and 0.08 0.14 gg/L before production resinned (Selden et al. 1993). Mild skin and mucous membrane irritation were reported in the exposed group, suggesting that exposure may have been through either the inhalation or dermal routes of exposure. 

A feasible way of introducing acid-stable linkages into carbohydrates is N-deacetylation. This can be achieved with hydrazine.59,70,71 The use of sodium hydroxide-sodium benzenethioxide in aqueous dimethyl sulfoxide for this purpose has also been described72 The difference in the acid hydrolysis of N-acetylhexosamine-con-taining carbohydrates before and after N-deacetylation was used in the study of complex glycoprotein saccharides from human erythrocyte membranes.73-75 Methylation analysis of the glycopeptides prepared... 

P. J. Mulquiney and P. W. Kuchel, Model of 2,3 bisphosphoglycerate metabolism in the human erythrocyte based on detailed enzyme kinetic equations Computer simulation and metabolic control analysis. Biochem. J. 342 (3), 597 604 (1999). 

Table III summarizes the results of tissue residue analysis. It is evident that the amount of radioactivity in tissues was not directly related to the length of chemical exposure. The average accumulation in fish exposed from 1 to 14 days was 1.35%. In general, liver, kidney, intestine, and bile contained the most 1 C. C-labeled materials accumulated in the liver at levels 3 to 5 times greater than [111C]molinate concentration in the water. The maximum radiocarbon level in the bile was 14.5 ppm and was reached by the 7th day. On the 14th day, the radiocarbon decreased to 6.09 ppm which was 30-fold higher than the [ 1 C]molinate water concentration. Blood contained negligible amounts of radioactivity, and little of that was associated with the plasma. Twenty percent of total blood radioactivity was detected in the erythrocytes within 4 days after treatment and by the 14th day, 69% of the radiocarbon in whole blood was present in the erythrocytes.

Globoside (2 mg), obtained from human erythrocytes and kindly provided by Dr. S. Ando of the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, was prepared for high-resolution NMR analysis as described previously (29). The sample was dissolved in. 4 ml of de-Me2S0-D20 (98 2 v./v.). Perdeuterated solvents were obtained from Merck and Company (St. Louis MO) or Aldrich, Inc., (Milwaukee, WI). 

The test is used for the detection of cytogenetic damage to the chromosomes or the mitotic apparatus of erythroblasts by analysis of erythrocytes for formation of micronuclei (small nuclei, separate from and additional to the main nuclei of cells, produced during the telophase of mitosis (meiosis) by lagging chromosome fragments or whole chromosomes). When a bone marrow erythroblast develops into a polychromatic erythrocyte (immature erythrocyte), the main nucleus is extruded any micronucleus that has been formed may remain behind in the otherwise anucleated cytoplasm. 

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