Ampicillin rash

The incidence of nonallergic ampicillin eruptions is 40 to 100% in patients with concomitant Epstein-Barr virus (mononucleosis), cytomegalovirus, acute lymphocytic leukemia, lymphoma, or reticulosarcoma. Nonallergic penicillin-associated rashes are characteristically morbilliform (symmetrical, erythematous, confluent, maculopapular) eruptions on the extremities. The onset of typical nonallergic eruptions is more than 72 hours after (3-lactam exposure. The mechanism for the nonurticarial ampicillin rash is not known and is not related to IgE or type I hypersensitivity. Penicillin skin tests are not useful in the evaluation of nonurticarial ampicillin rashes. Patients with a history of nonurticarial ampicillin rashes may receive other (3-lactam antibiotics without greater risk of subsequent serious allergic reactions. [Pg.531]

Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Programme. Excess of ampicillin rashes associated with allopurinol or hyperuricemia.(1972) 286,505-7. [Pg.322]

Knudsen ET, Dewdney JM, Trafford AP (1970) Reduction in incidence of ampicillin rash by purification of ampicillin. Br Med J 1 469-471 Kounis NG (1976) Untoward reactions to corticosteroids intolerance to hydrocortisone. Ann Allergy 36 203-206... [Pg.71]

The etiology is by no means the same in all cases. Erythema multiforme can be caused by various totally unconnected factors. The eruption most commonly arises after infections with herpesviruses or streptococci. In comparison with these, drugs are relatively seldom the cause. However, if drug-induced rashes of erythema multiforme type are included, much larger numbers will be recorded (e.g., ampicillin rashes). [Pg.141]

Veltman G (1959) Zur Kenntnis des Adalinexanthems. Z Haut Geschlkrh 27 11 Walsh JR, Zimmerman HJ (1953) The demonstration of the L.E. -phenomenon in patients with penicillin hypersensitivity. Blood 8 65 Watts JC (1962) A fatal case of erythema multiforme exsudativum (Stevens-Johnson syndrome) following therapy with Dilantin. Pediatrics 30 592 Webster AW, Thompson (1974) The ampicillin rash lymphocyte transformation by ampicillin polymer. Clin Exp Immunol 18 553 Weirich EG (1957) Das Pyrazolonexanthem. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1011 Welsh AL (1961) The fixed eruption. Thomas, Springfield... [Pg.161]

Still, a number of questions on ampicillin rash remain open. The role of protein impurities has been pointed out (Knudsen et al. 1970). Both experimentally (Shal-TiEL et al. 1971 Batchelor and Dewdney 1968) and clinically (Knudsen et al. 1970 Parker and Richmond 1976), it has been claimed that purification of ampicillin would markedly reduce the frequency of rash. However, the rash is also observed with ampicillin preparations where the side chain splitting from 6-APA has been achieved by chemical means (A. L. de Weck, unpublished work). The role of ampicillin polymers, which are now available in isolated form (Bundgaard 1978), should be reinvestigated. [Pg.446]

The immunological mechanism of the ampicillin rash also remains a controversial topic. Several authors favor the concept that such exanthemas are indeed a... [Pg.446]

Campbell AB, Soyka LF (1977) More comments on the ampicillin rash problem. Pediatrics 59 638... [Pg.467]

Green RL, Lewis GE, Kraus SJ, Frederickson EL (1974) Elevated plasma procaine concentrations after administration of procaine penicilhn G. N Engl J Med 291 223 Gregg I (1973) Ampicillin rash and influenza. Br Med J 295... [Pg.471]

Shapiro S, Slone D, Siskind V, Lewis GP, Jick H (1970) Ampicillin rashes. Lancet 1 194 Shapiro S, Heinonen OP, Lawson DH (1972) Excess of ampicillin rashes associated with al-lopurinol or hyperuricemia. N Engl J Med 286 505 Sheiman L, Speilvogel AE, Horowitz HI (1968) Thrombocytopenia caused by cephalothin sodium. Occurrence in a penicillin-sensitive individual. JAMA 203 601 Shelley WB (1963) Indirect basophil degranulation test for allergy to penicillin and other drugs. JAMA 184 171... [Pg.479]

Smith JW, Johnson JE, Cluff LE (1966) Studies on the epidemiology of adverse drug reactions. II. An evaluation of penicillin allergy. N Engl J Med 274 998 Sokoloff B (1977) Ampicillin rashes. Pediatrics 59 637... [Pg.479]

Watson KC, Joubert SM, Bennett MA (1961) Some factors influencing the hemagglutination of penicillin-sensitized erythrocytes. Immunology 4 193 Webster AW, Thompson RA (1974) The ampicillin rash. Lymphocyte transformation by ampicillin polymer. Clin Exp Immunol 18 553 Weidemiiller HL, Ziegler W (1970) On the proteinaceous impurity of penicillin. Arzneim Forsch 20 585... [Pg.481]

Additional information on the remarkably high rash rate in patients with mononucleosis infectiosa and other lymphatic diseases is given in several recent publications (19 --21 ). In one of them it was found that 15 out of 17 children with infectious mononucleosis developed rash 5—10 days after the beginning of ampicillin therapy (19 ). Since highly purified ampicillin preparations without proteinaceous material are available, ampicillin polymer is now suspected to be at least partly responsible for the ampicillin rash. The polymer does have a weak stimulating action on lymphocytes. In circumstances of altered cell function, such as occur in infectious mononucle-... [Pg.198]

Lehnhoff, B. (1975) Incidence of ampicillin rash in childhood. Afsc/iz. Kinderheilk., 123, 548. [Pg.203]

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