Ammonia with sodium

Formation of the conjugate base of phosphine under the conditions of aqueous dioxane and KOH with red phosphorus allows also for the formation of C-P bonds by attack of oxiranes.33 Under these conditions, mixtures of phosphines and phosphine oxides are formed. Using red phosphorus in liquid ammonia with sodium metal and f-butyl alcohol, good yields of primary (2-hydroxyalkyl)phos-phines are obtained.34... 

Raschig (1) A process for making hydrazine by oxidizing ammonia with sodium hypochlorite in the presence of gelatine ... 

The method described is essentially that of Pollard and Par-cell.4 N-Ethylallenimine has been prepared by treating N-(2-bromoallyl)ethylamine in liquid ammonia with sodium amide,4-6 lithium amide,6 or potassium amide.6... 

Methylation- or combined methylation-ethylation reactions were used for structure analysis of polysaccharides. The alkylation of dextran can be applied to the investigation of the branching pattern, i.e. the number and length of side chains (Sect. 2.2) [22,23]. The methylation is carried out in liquid ammonia with sodium iodide and methyl iodide, yielding products that are soluble in chloroform and tetrachloroethane [257]. 

The conversion of levoglucosan derivatives to phenol in reasonable yields has been reported (168-175). This affords the possibility of also obtaining phenol from the cellulose portion of renewable resources. The reaction is carried out in liquid ammonia with sodium metal and thus probably is impractical on a commercial scale. But further research might lead to simpler, less costly, and more efficient methods for this conversion. 

Reduction of a solution of sodium nitrite in ammonia with sodium produces a deep yellow solid with the formula Na2N02, sodium nitroxylate. 

In dilute aqueous solution, chloramine is prepared by the reaction of ammonia with sodium hypochlorite ... 

Imidazole alkylations can be carried out under a variety of reaction conditions. For conventional iV-alkylations which are unlikely to be complicated in terms of regiochemistry, it is preferable to alkylate the imidazole anion (an Se2cB process). Such reactions are faster, higher yielding and less prone to azole salt formation than those in neutral conditions. The anion is generated best by the use of sodium in ethanol or liquid ammonia, with sodium or potassium hydroxide or carbonate, or by use of sodium hydride in dry DMF [3]. Addition of the alkylating agent to the deprotonated substrate completes the reaction. 

Of a number of hydrazine syntheses based on the oxidation of ammonia with sodium hypochlorite in the presence of ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone) (see Fig. 1.4-4), only that of Bayer A.G. appears to have graduated to a commercial process. 

Direct evidence for the existence of anionic a-adducts for pyrazine, pyrimidine, and pyridazine (155-157) was first presented by Zoltewicz and Helmick (72JA682). They obtained H-NMR spectra of the adducts formed by mixing the diazine in liquid ammonia with sodium or potassium amide. Upheld shifts (2.2-4.5 ppm) were typical indicators of adduct formation. In an excess of diazine, both free and complexed diazine were evident in the spectrum, while in an excess of amide, the spectrum did not indicate the presence of free diazine. 

With a Ka value of 16.97, indole possesses an NH-acidity similar to that of pyrrole. Indole reacts, therefore, with sodamide in liquid ammonia, with sodium hydride in organic solvents, with Grignard reagents and with -butyllithium to give 1-metalated indoles. 

Curtius discovered HN3 [1] by reacting benzoylhydrazine with nitrous acid (b + g-type reaction). The resulting benzoyl azide was saponified, and sodium azide was isolated from the alkaline mixture. In 1903 Wislicenus [14] synthesized sodium azide solely from inorganic compounds, namely, sodium metal, ammonia, and dinitrogen oxide (a + e). The reaction proceeds in two steps, first converting ammonia with sodium to sodamide, and then reacting this with dinitrogen oxide to yield sodium azide. Fifty percent of the sodamide is decomposed to hydroxide and ammonia, and the overall balance of the process is... 

NH2CI) A colorless liquid made by reacting ammonia with sodium chlorate(I) (NaOCl). It is formed as an intermediate in the production of hydrazine. Chloramine is unstable and changes explosively into ammonium chloride and nitrogen trichloride. 

The homopolymer, prepared by polymerization in liquid ammonia with sodium initiator at-77 °C, is insoluble in acetone, but it is soluble in dimethylformamide. When it is formed with lithium in liquid ammonia, at -75 °C, the molecular weight of the product increases with monomer concentration and decreases with initiator concentration. If, however, potassium initiates the reaction rather than lithium, the molecular weight is independent of the monomer concentration. " " Polymethaciylonitrile prepared with n-butyllithium in toluene or in dioxane is crystalline and insoluble in solvents like acetone. When polymerized in petroleum ether with /i-butyllithium, methacrylonitrile forms a living polymer. Highly crystalline polymethacrylonitrile can also be prepared with beryllium and magnesium alkyls in toluene over a wide range of temperatures. 

The reaction takes place at 430 C in the presence of a silicon catalyst. The process is named after German chemist Fritz Raschig (1863 1928). The Hooker-Raschlg process is a variation and uses a different type of catalyst. 2. A two-step process used for the production of hydrazine using the oxidation of ammonia with sodium hypochlorite in the presence of gelatine ... 

On heating with dilute acids, formamide is obtained, which is in turn converted to formic acid and ammonia. With sodium it is reported to form a derivative, CHaiNONa, which explodes when heated and readily loses water to ve sodium cyanide . 

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