3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane

Lee [242] studied the dependence of the physico-mechanical properties of Wollastonite-filled polychloroprene rubber on the type of agent used to pre-treat the filler. The composition contained 26.9 part (weight) of the filler per 100 parts (weight) of the rubber (compositions CR-1100, CR-174, CR-151). The finishing agents were y-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (CR-1100 and CR-174) and vinyl triethoxysilane (CR-151). The mechanical properties of the compositions are listed in Table 7 below. The author proposed an empirical equation to relate the modulus with the equilibrium work of adhesion in the following form ... 

Recently Sahoo and Bhowmick [75] synthesized hydroxyl-terminated POSS in their laboratory starting from (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APS) and phenylglycidylether (PGE) and used it as a curative in carboxylated nitrile mbber (XNBR). This has been a newer class of material where the nanofiller simultaneously cures the mbber and promotes solvent resistance, as well as mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties. Table 3.3 illustrates some of these findings. 

Figure 1. CP-29Si-NMR spectrum ofN-ITQ-6 (ITQ-6 functionalized by 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilan).

American scientists prepared the organo-silica sol-gel membranes60 and demonstrated in a single layer format for pH measurement and multiple-layer format for both C02 and NH3. The sensors used a hydroxypyrenetrisulfonic acid (HPTS) as the indicator immobilizes in a base-catalyzed sol-gel containing poly(dimethyl)siloxane, aminopropyl-triethoxysilane (APTES) and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS). This indicator gel was over coated with a hydrophobic sol-gel to reduce cross reactivity to pH when either carbon dioxide or ammonia were examined. 

Figure 7.7 Abrasion resistance (haze) dependence on GPS A1(OBu)3 molar ratio for hybrid-coated PMMA surfaces compared to uncoated PMMA. PMMA substrate is corona treated followed by a 2.5% 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane treatment prior to the application of GPS Al(OBu)3 hybrid solutions. Coating thickness 4 mm coatings were cured at 80 °C for 4 h. (Reproduced from ref. 5, with permission.)...

Amino-terminated organosilanes were used to immobilize rifamycin B via its active carboxylic acid functionality leading to the formation of stable amide bonds between antibiotics and modified silica [7]. The organosilanes used were (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane or (3-aminopropyl)dimethylethoxysilane, and the procedure for preparation was as described in Section 2.2.1.1. Surface coverage data were not provided by the authors [7],... 

Culler, S.R., Ishida, H. and Koenig, J.L. (1986). The silane interphase of composites effects of process condition on y-aminopropyl triethoxysilane. Polym. Composites 7, 231-238. 

Covalent immobilization methods of NAs to a silica surface require its chemical modification. Functionally inert surface silanols (Si - OH) need to be transformed into reactive species to which the NAs can be attached irreversibly. To date, the main method for the attachment of biological moieties to silica surfaces has involved substrate reaction with organofunctional silanes of the general structure (RO)3Si(CH2)X, followed by the covalent attachment of the biological molecule to the newly introduced fimctional group on the surface [31,32]. Examples of organofimctional silanes used this way include (3-glycidoxypropyl)trimethoxysilane, (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane,... 

Fig. 9 Silanization of silica siufaces with aminopropyl(triethoxysilane). In (i) the reactive groups of the triethoxysilane are hydrolyzed by water, followed by condensation (ii) with the surface and (iii) thermal curing of the film, which further cross-links the free silanol groups...

Attachment of suitable linkers to the surface of silica can be achieved by transesterification with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane, which leads to the support 2 (Figure 2.8) [198-200]. Alternatively, silica can be functionalized by reaction with alkyltri-chlorosilanes [201]. For the solid-phase synthesis of oligonucleotides, supports with a longer spacer, such as that in 3, have proven more convenient than 2 [202-206]. Supports 3, so-called LCAA-CPG (long chain alkylamine CPG [194,195]), are commercially available (typical loading 0.1 mmol/g) and are currently the most commonly used supports for the synthesis of oligonucleotides. For this purpose, protected nucleosides are converted into succinic acid monoesters, and then coupled to LCAA-CPG. CPG functionalized with a 3-mercaptopropyl linker has been used for the solid-phase synthesis of oligosaccharides [207]. 

It is important that the slides dry completely, since aminopropyl-triethoxysilane is insoluble m water. 

The precursor used to create the 3-APTHS solutions was 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane (3-APTES). Commercial 3-APTES obtained from Huls Petrarch Systems Inc. was twice vacuum-distilled. Individual ampules were filled with the distilled precursor and sealed for later use. Triply-distilled HPLC grade water was used to prepare the 3-APTHS solutions used for sample treatment. For isotopically labelled 3-APTHS studies, we used 99 atom % 15N labelled 3-APTES, and 97.8 atom % l80 labelled water. Both compounds were obtained from MSD Isotopes [12]. The substrates used were polished Si wafers 1.5 cm in diameter. The Cr was sputter-deposited to a thickness of 1000 A onto one half of the Si wafer so that both the Si and Cr surfaces had identical preparation histories up to and including the analysis for every sample prepared. 

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