Theophylline Aminophylline

This is theophylline or aminophylline (theophylline plus ethylene diamine) sio-bid , Bronkodyi , Theo-Dur , etc. available in capsules, caplets, liquids, elixirs, syrups, suspensions. 

Aminophylline (theophylline ethylenediamine), given intravenously, is used in patients with status asthmaticus who do not respond to epinephrine. In addition, epinephrine may be administered subcutaneously for acute asthma attacks. Epinephrine may also be given along with theophylline. It is thought that the bronchodilation is associated with me enhanced concentration of cyclic AMP, which is metabolized according to the following sequence ... 

Aminophylline (theophylline ethylenediamine, 79% theophylline) (generic, others)... 

Q10 Other bronchodilator agents include nebulized ipratropium. Ipratropium is a muscarinic receptor antagonist that helps to relax bronchial smooth muscle which has contracted via parasympathetic stimulation. The xanthines theophylline and aminophylline (theophylline ethylenediamine) are alternative bronchodilator agents. These agents may act as phosphodiesterase inhibitors and, although they have been used as bronchodilators for many years, adverse CNS, GI and cardiovascular effects may limit their usefulness. 

Dipyridamole and related compounds, RA233, RA433, VK744, VK774, caffeine, papaverine, aminophylline, theophylline, methylxanthines. 

Figure 12.6 Dissolution profiles for aminophylline (theophylline and ethylenediamine mixture) suppositories stored at 35°C 2 months old 8 months old 12 months old.

Adults After cyanosis is overcome, atropine sulfate should be used, 2 mg i.v. Doses should be repeated at 5-10 min intervals until signs of atropin-ization appear. This should be maintained for 24 h or longer if necessary. 2-PAM (pralidoxime chloride) should be given. Adult dose 1 g, slowly, intravenously. Contraindicated are morphine, aminophylline, theophylline, phenothiazine tranquilizers, and barbiturates. 

MUSCLE relaxant, CARDIAC STIMULANT and VASODILATOR properties. Clinically, it can be used as a BRONCHODILATOR in treating obstructive airways disease, including as an ANTIASTHMATIC in acute attacks. It is often used in the form of derivatives, especially aminophylline. theophylline ethylenediamine aminophylline. theophylline sodium glycinate [usan] is a compound of theophylline with sodium glycinate. It has CARDIAC STIMULANT, SMOOTH MUSCLE RELAXANT and VASODILATOR properties. 

The methylxanthines consist of aminophylline, dyphyl-line, enprofylline, and pentoxifylline. Aminophylline (theophylline ethylenediamine) is the most widely used of the soluble theophyllines. Its main therapeutic effect is bronchodilation. In addition, it causes CNS stimulation, cardiac acceleration, diuresis, and gastric secretion. Aminophylline is available in an oral, rectal (pediatric), or intravenous solution, which is used in the treatment of status asthmaticus. Although it is a less effective bronchodilator than beta-adrenergic agonists, it is particularly useful in preventing nocturnal asthma (see also Figure 94). 

Zhang, H. Stewart, J.T. Determination of a cefuroxime and aminophylline/theophylline mixture by high-performance liquid chromatography. J.Liq.Chromatogr, 1994, 17, 1327-1335 [orcinol (IS)]... 

Paul and Goff reported (66) that aminophylline, theophylline (1,3-dimethyIxanthine), caffeic acid, and caffeine blocked cell wall formation at telophase by inhibiting vesicle fusion. 

Aminophylline, theophylline and caffeine appear to antagonise the effects of the benzodiazepines (mainly sedative effects, but possibly also anxiolytic effects), and aminophylline and theophylline appear to reduce the levels of alprazolam. The effects of zop-iclone may be similarly antagonised. 

Aminophylline (Theophylline with Ethylenediamine). This substance is prepared by evaporating a solution of theophylline in ethylenediamine to dryness. 

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