Amino acid infusion

The photodegradation of pyridoxine is noticeable in sugar and saline infusion solutions, but much less in amino acid infusion solutions. The presence of tyrosine and tryptophan inhibits photodecomposition, whereas flavine mononucleotide accelerates it (84). 

Miwa, Y., Kato, M., Moriwaki, H., Okuno, M., Sugihara, J., Ohnishi, H., Yoshida, T., Muto, Y., Nakayama, M., Morioka, Y., Asagi, K. Effects of branched-chain amino acid infusion on protein metabolism in rats with acute hepatic failure. Hepatology 1995 22 291 -296... 

Similar to fumaric acid, L-malic acid is also a naturally occurring four-carbon dicarboxyhc acid and an intermediate in the TCA cycle. It has been used in many food products, primarily as an acidulant. L-Malic acid is compatible with all sugars with low hygroscopicity and good solubihty. In addition, it has therapeutic value for the treatment of hyperammoemia and liver dysfunction and as a component for amino acid infusion. L-Malic acid has been the subject of interest because of its increased application in the food industry as a citric acid replacement and its potential use as a raw material for the manufacture of biodegradable polymers. 

BODEI, L., et al., Receptor-mediated radionuchde therapy with Y-DOTATOC in association with amino acid infusion A phase I study, Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 30 (2003) 207-216. 

Jeanningros R. 1982. Vagal unitary responses to intestinal amino acid infusions in the anesthetized cat A putative signal for protein induced satiety. Physiol Behav 28 9-21. 

Sato, Y., Eriksson, S., Hagenfeldt, L., and Wahren, J., Influence of branched-chain amino acid infusion on arterial concentrations and brain exchange of amino acids in patients with hepatic cirrhosis, Clin. Physiol., 1, 151, 1981. 

Bodei L, Cremonesi M, Zoboli S, Grana C, Bartolomei M, Rocca P, et al. Receptor-mediated radionuclide therapy with Y-DOTA-TOC in association with amino acid infusion a phase 1 study Eur J Nud Med 2003 30 207-216. 

Use In microbiology, in amino acid infusion solutions, and in chemically defined diets. 

The pH of different amino acid infusion solutions manufactured by different companies varies from pH 5.0-7.4. Glucose infusion solutions have a pH 4-5. When mixed, amino-acids will function as buffers and prevent the decline of pH below 5. In an all-in-one-mixture the amino acids also prevent the enlargement and merging of the lipid globules. Paediatric amino acid solutions are more acidic than those used in adults and cause a lower pH of the combined admixtures. 

Reductions in dietary protein level may decrease milk yield and, almost invariably, non-protein nitrogen content. Milk protein is httle affected until intake of protein falls below 60 per cent of requirement. This is probably due to an insufficiency of essential amino acids, primarily methionine, followed by threonine and tryptophan. When duodenal amino acid supply has been measured and deficient amino acids infused directly into the bloodstream, there have been large increases (approximately 5-8 g/kg) in milk protein content. The prediction of the amino acid profile at the small intestine in dairy cows is fraught with difficulties, and feeding studies that have attempted to rectify amino acid imbalances through supplementation have produced variable results. 

In four cases the reduced excretion of oestriol in the maternal urine returned to normal after intraamnia1 amino acid infusion. In one case, the silent monitor showed a normalization and the late decelerations in the oxytocin sensitivity test disappeared. 

LouardRJ, Barrett EJ, GelfandRA. (1995) Overnight branched-chain amino acid infusion causes sustained suppression of muscle proteolysis. Metabolism 44, 424-A29. 

Carroll, C.C., Huckey, J.D., Williams, R.H., Sullivan, D.H., andTrappe,T.A., Human soleus and vastus lateralis muscle protein metabolism with an amino acid infusion. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, 288, E479, 2005. 

Garlick, P.J. and Grant, I., Amino acid infusion increases the sensitivity of muscle protein synthesis in vivo to insulin. Effect of branched-chain amino acids, Biochem J, 254, 579, 1988. 

Bennet, W.M., Connacher, A.A., Scrimgeour, C.M., Smith, K., and Rennie, M.J., Increase in anterior tibialis muscle protein synthesis in healthy man during mixed amino acid infusion studies of incorporation of [l-13C]leucine, Clin Sci (Lond), 76, 447, 1989. 

Newman, E., Heslin, M.J., Wolf, R.F., Rsters, RW, and Brennan, M.F., The effect of systemic hyperinsulinemia with concomitant amino acid infusion on skeletal muscle protein turnover in the human forearm. Metabolism, 43, 70, 1994. 

Increase in anterior tibialis muscle protein synthesis in healthy man during mixed amino acid infusion studies of incorporation of [1-13C]leucine. Clin Sci (Land) 76 447 54. 

Note numbers between [] at the end of a reference designate the literature used for the sub-database of that number. Bequette, B.J., F.R.C. Baokwell, J.C. MacRae, G.E. Lobley, L.A. Crompton, J.A. Metcalf, and J.D. Sutton, 1996. Effect of intravenous amino acid infusion on leucine oxidation across the mammary gland of the lactating goat. 

Chen, C., K.D. Mitehell and L.G. Navar, 1992. Role of endothelium-derived nitric oxide in the renal hemodynamic response to amino acid infusion. Am. J. Physiol. 263, R510-516. 

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