Brain biogenic amines

Rea TM, Nash JF, Zabik JE, et al Effects of toluene inhalation on brain biogenic amines in the rat. Toxicology 31 143-1450, 1984 Rebert CS, Matteucci MJ, Pryor GT Acute electrophysiologic effects of inhaled toluene on adult male Long-Evans rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 33 157—165, 1989 Reynolds JEF Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 28th Edition. London, Pharmaceutical Press, 1982, pp 745-746... 

Mendels, Joseph and Alan Frazer, Brain Biogenic Amine Depletion and Mood , Archives of General Psychiatry 30, no. 4 (1974) 447-51... 

Freedman, D. X. (1963) Psychotomimetic drugs and brain biogenic amines. Am. J. Psychiatry. 

Tujimori K, Nabeshima T, Ho IK, et al. 1982b. Effect of oral administration of chlordecone and mirex on brain biogenic amines in mice. Neurotoxicology 3(2) 143-148. 

Singh AP, Shanker K, Parvez SH. 1984. Effect of Kepone on catecholamine-stimulated sodium, potassium-ATPase of rat brain. Biogenic Amines 1 (4) 313-318. 

Okonmah AD, Brown JW, Blyden GT, Soliman KF. (1988). Prenatal effects of acute harmaline exposure on fetal brain biogenic amine metabolism. Pharmacology. 37(3) 203-8. 

Mendels, J. Frazer, A. 1974, Brain biogenic amine depletion and mood, Arch.Gen.Psychiatry, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 447-451. 

After initial contradictory reports it is now established that arsenic can cross the blood-brain barrier and produces alternations in whole rat brain biogenic amines levels in animals chronically exposed to arsenite (Tripathi et al, 1997). The neurological effects are many and varied. Usually, peripheral neuropathy, sensory neuropathy (Hafeman et al, 2005), and encephalopathy are the initial complaints associated with acute arsenic poisoning. Acute exposure to arsenic in humans has been shown to result in problems of memory, difficulties in concentration, mental confusion, and anxiety (Hall, 2002 Rodriguez et al, 2003). Other neurological symptoms arising due to arsenic are primarily those of a peripheral sensory neuritis, predominantly numbness, severe paresthesia of the distal portion of the extremities, diminished sense of touch, pain, heat and cold, and symmetrically reduced muscle power (Menkes, 1997). 

It was shown that the effects of all 3 drugs were significantly affected by the clock-hour at which they were administered, and there was some indication that the variation might be related to 24-h rhythms in brain biogenic amine concentrations. 

Komura J and Sakamoto M. 1994. Chronic oral administration of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl altered brain biogenic amines in the mouse comparison with inorganic manganese. Toxicol Eett 73 65-73. 

Kaku ArzneimittebForsch, 25, 539 (1975), Effect on brain biogenic amines V. Petkov, ibid. 28, 388 (1978). TLC analysis of saponin content of commercial ginseng products L E. Liberty A. D. Marderosian, J. Pharm. ScL 67, 1487 (1978). Use in orieutal medicine as tonic K. Chimin Wong Wu Lien-teh, History of Chinese Medicine (Shanghai, 2nd ed. 1936) 906 pp. Comprehensive review of morphology, cultivation and uses Baranov, Econ. Bot, 20, 403-406... 

In contrast, there have been other reports that morphine does alter brain levels of 5-HT, with sometimes an increase [246] and sometimes a decrease [247,248] this confusion is tempered slightly by the knowledge that the effects of morphine on brain levels of DA and NA, as well as of 5-HT, are modified significantly by the dose of opiate employed [249]. Thus, there appears to be no simple monophasic type of relationship between morphine-induced changes in brain biogenic amine levels and antinociceptive activity. 

Hrdina, P. D., Peters, D. A. V. and Singhal, R. L. (1976). Effects of chronic exposure to cadmium, lead and mercury of brain biogenic amines in the rat. Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol., 15, 483... 

Mood and hedonic value associated with feeding, food intake, foraging, consummatory behaviors, and craving in addiction complex regulation by food entrainable oscillators in the brain and periphery, neuropeptides (including orexins) and biogenic amines. 

Kumar MVS, Desiraju T. 1992. Effect of chronic consumption of methyl parathion on rat brain regional acetylcholinesterase activity and on levels of biogenic amines. Toxicology 75 13-20. 

Ansari RA, Husain K, Gupta PK. 1987. Endosulfan toxicity influence on biogenic amines of rat brain. 

Richelson, E and Pfenning, M (1984) Blockade by antidepressants and related compounds of biogenic amine uptake into rat brain synaptosomes most antidepressants selectively block noradrenaline uptake. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 104 277-286. 

Electrochemical techniques in vivo use the standard three electrode voltammetric system described earlier with the electrodes implanted in the brain of the animal subject. Measurements are made by acquiring some stable baseline signal and then stimulating release of the biogenic amine neurotransmitters. The change in signal is then a measure of the concentration of neurotransmitter in the extracellular fluid. 

These are four monoamines synthesized and seereted within many mammalian tissues, ineluding various regions in the brain, sympathetic nervous system, enlero-chromafhn cells of the digestive tract, and adrenal mednlla. These biogenic amines (indoleamine and catecholamines — dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine) are synthesized within the cell from their precursor amino acids and have been associated with many physiological and behavioral functions in animals and humans. 

Tseng, L.-F. Menon, M.K. and Loh, H.H. Comparative actions of monomethoxy-amphetamines on the release and uptake of biogenic amines in brain tissue. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 197 263-271, 1976. 

Prabhu V, Karanth KS, Rao A. Effects of Nardostachys jatamansi on biogenic amines and inhibitory amino acids in the rat brain. Planta Med 1994 60 114. 

Biogenic amine hypothesis. Depression may be caused by decreased brain levels of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-HT), and dopamine (DA). 

Leonard, B. E. (1973) Some effects of the hallucinogenic drug 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylam-phetamine on the metabolism of biogenic amines in the rat brain. Psychopharmacology, 32 33— 49. 

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