Aluminum printing plates

Other applications include drying of aluminum printing plates, 100% solid silicone coatings, steel coils, and publication-grade paper products. 

Printing. Lithographic chemical, etching fluid for aluminum printing plates. 

Letterpress. This is the oldest printing process stiU in use. It continues to be replaced by newer printing processes. Printing is conducted from a raised image area of the printing plate. Inks in the printing process are transferred directly from a raised area to a substrate. The printing plates contain a thick layer of photopolymer (often a mixture with polymer such as poly(vinyl alcohol) deposited over a plastic or aluminum base. 

Solubility modifications. The first commercial photopolymer system introduced in 1959 was the photopolymer printing plate based on the difference in solubility which results in a photo-polymerizable layer on exposure to actinic light relief Images can be obtained by washing out the unpolymerized parts. The photo-polymerizable layer consists of a binder, a monomer, and a photoinitiator. This layer is mounted on an aluminum, a steel, or a polyester support and covered by a removable polyester sheet which protects the plate before use. Before Imagewlse exposure, the... 

Ota, X. Aluminum support for presensitized lithographic printing plate showing excellent sensitivity, printing-resistance, smear-resistance, and plate-cleanability and image formation method with 350-450 nm laser light. Jpn. Kokai Xokkyo Koho IP 2004358780, 2004 Chem. Abstr. 2004,142, 82321. 

Vinylphosphonic acid is produced in Germany and used, initially by Hoechst, later by others to manufacture a hydrophilic poly(vinylphosphonic acid) prepared by free-radical polymerization in a solvent (70,71). Poly(vinylphosphonic acid) is mainly used for the treatment of aluminum photolithography plates before application of the photosensitive layer (72,73). The coating improves the developing and printing characteristics of the plate. Dental cement applications of cross-linked poly(vinylphosphonic acid) have also been studied (74). Vinylphosphonic acid copolymers with vinylsulfonic acid have been patented as scale inhibitors for water treatment (75). 

Curved aluminum sheet printing plates permit higher rotary-press speeds and minimize misr ster by decreasing centrifugal force. Aluminum lithographic sheet offers exceptional reproduction in me-ch cal electrograined firiishes. 

The contact ends of printed circuit boards are copper. Alloys of nickel and iron are used as substrates in hermetic connectors in which glass (qv) is the dielectric material. Terminals are fabricated from brass or copper from nickel, for high temperature appHcations from aluminum, when aluminum conductors are used and from steel when high strength is required. Because steel has poor corrosion resistance, it is always plated using a protective metal, such as tin (see Tin and tin alloys). Other substrates can be unplated when high contact normal forces, usually more than 5 N, are available to mechanically dismpt insulating oxide films on the surfaces and thereby assure metaUic contact (see Corrosion and corrosion control). 

Uses. The metal is used in electroplating, in solder for aluminum, as a constituent of easily fusible alloys, as a deoxidizer in nickel plating, in process engraving, in cadmium-nickel batteries, and in reactor control rods. Cadmium compounds are employed as TV phosphors, as pigments in glazes and enamels, in dyeing and printing, and in semiconductors and rectifiers. 

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