Alloys, sampling

Fig. 3.35. HF-plasma SNMS survey signals coming from adsorbed and respectrum of a powder metallurgically- sputtered plasma gas contamination, produced TiAl alloy sample. In brackets ...

Fig. 11. Profiles of orienlation density along the most pronounced <110> fibre of the AlZn78 alloy-samples deformed at different temperatures.

A metal alloy sample is believed to contain silver, bismuth, and nickel. Explain how it could be determined qualitatively that all three of these metals are present. 

Alloy samples weighing either 100 or 25 g. were prepared by melting weighed amounts of lead and thallium together. The c. p. granular test lead, free from silver, gold and bismuth (Fisher Scientific Company), was indicated by spectroscopic examination to contain approximately 0-005 % iron, 0-001 % thallium and 0-001 % copper. The thallium used was supplied by the Varlacoid Company. Spectroscopic examination showed the presence of approximately 0-01 % lead, 0-005 % iron, and 0-001 % copper. 

The zone elution method has been used for quantitative estimation or recovery of heavy metals in plants and vegetable juices [29], mercury (11) in river and waste waters [52], zinc in different environmental samples [46], nickel and copper in alloys [53], zirconium in Mg-Al alloys [22], cobalt, zinc, nickel, and copper in natural water and alloy samples [54], thiocyanate in spiked photogenic waste water [55], and aluminum in bauxite ores [42],... 

TLC spectrophotometry is used to determine zirconium in Mg-Al alloy. For this purpose, the alloy sample (2 g) is dissolved in HNO3 (20 ml, 6 M), and zirconium is extracted in 6 ml of 0.02-M diantipyrilmethane (DAM) solution in chloroform. The extract was concentrated to 0.4 ml and an aliquot (10 p,l) was chromatographed on silica gel LS plate using 4-M HCl -f dimethylformamide (1 2) as the mobile phase. After development, the portion of the sorbent layer containing the zirconium-DAM complex was removed, and the metal was extracted with 6-M HCl. The zirconium present in this solution was determined in the form of a xylenol orange complex (Amax, 540 nm) by spectrophotometry [22]. 

Polythermal methods. The temperature of an alloy sample is progressively changed, generally at a well-defined and controlled heating or cooling rate, as some properties of the sample itself are continuously measured. 

B. Koklic and M. Veber, Influence of sampling to the homogeneity of Cu-Ti-Zn alloy samples for the analyses with glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy, Accredit. Qual. Assur., 8(3 4), 2003, 146-149. 

Approximately 10 g alloy sample was hydrided bv first activating the metal using rapid hydriding-dehyariding cycles and then by exposing the sample to 800-1000 psi hydrogen for 8-10 hr. Then the pressure over the sample and pump... 

However, for the alloys discussed in this paper it is always found that e2 - e j > 2 a. Hence, at equilibrium no reversal in surface enrichment can occur as a function of alloy concentration. Such an inversion, as reported by Takasu and Shimizu (57) for Ni-Cu alloys, has to be related to the particular conditions under which their experiment was performed. It is possible that their results were influenced by the presence of oxygen or carbon impurities in their alloy samples, which would cause enrichment in nickel. 

Figure 9. A partial spectrum of a particles resulting from the 12C(3He,a0)nC reaction as applied to a Ti6Al4V alloy sample implanted with 3 X 1017 I2C atoms/cm2 at 75 keV. Conditions 3He ions normally incident at an energy of 2.775 MeV, and resulting reaction particles detected at a 135° angle with a magnetic spectrometer. The higher energy peak is due to surface contamination and is resolved from the implanted distribution. (Reproduced, with permission, from Ref. 5. Copyright, North-Holland Publishing Co.)...

Thus, the result obtained for D(y) is due only to a decrease in the concentration of JT ions in the strontium-alloyed samples (some Mn3+ ions change their valence to Mn4+). It will be used below when we discuss the effect of JT deformations on the oxygen diffusion coefficients. 

Sn(II) and Nb(V) species changed their coordinations with the liquid composition. Nb-Sn alloy samples were prepared by the potentiostatic method and analyzed. The results showed that the Nb content in the alloy could be increased by increasing the bath temperature to 160 °C and increasing the NbCh content in the bath. However, increasing the NbCls mole fraction in the bath also increased the viscosity of the bath. Pulse electrolysis was found to be effective in increasing the Nb content in the alloy. The maximum Nb content in the alloy was 60.8 wt% from constant potential electrolysis and 69.1 wt% from pulse electrolysis. XRD diffraction patterns showed that the electrodeposits contained crystalline Sn and NbsSn which is a superconductor material. 

The number of spectroscopic studies of ZnO and related materials in the spectral region around the fundamental band gap is too large to be listed here. Undoped and doped ZnO as well as ZnO-based alloy samples were studied by photoluminescence (PL), transmission and reflection measurements (see review articles [6,75]). Also, SE measurements were reported for ZnO [76-85] and related materials, for instance, metal-doped ZnO [70,86-89], Mg, Zni ,() [15,16,82,90,91], Co.Zm O [92], Mn.Zm O [93], or Fe Zm O [94],... 

This term might be used to describe a metal alloy sample known to be inherently stable, tested for homogeneity as part of routine production quality control and analysed by both the laboratory s routine method (say, XRF) and an alternative method (say, dissolution and measurement of the solution by ICP-OES). 

Vanadium-alloy samples and a calcium source vessel were then placed near the bottom... 

A nonchromated, water-borne primer applied to [2B] alloy samples, with the appropriate surface preparation and plasma deposition of an ultrathin plasma polymer, was also compared to controls prepared by depositing a chromated primer on chromate conversion-coated A1 substrate. The same comparison was also performed for IVD Al-coated 2024-T6 substrates (pure aluminum is deposited by ion vapor deposition process on aluminum alloy 2024-T6). In the latter case, the primer could not be removed from the IVD Al-coated panels that were treated with the plasma polymer prior to spray primer application. It is interpreted that the water-borne spray paint penetrates into the column structure of the top surface of the IVD Al-coated substrates when the surface energy was modified by the application of a plasma polymer. This effect could be viewed as interactive coating with a porous surface. 

---