Early asthmatic response allergen-induced

Boulet LP, Chapman KR, Cote J, Kalra S, et al. 1997. Inhibitory effects of an anti-IgE antibody E25 on allergen-induced early asthmatic response. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 155 1835-1840. 

Cockcroft DW, Murdock KY. Comparative effects of inhaled salbutamol, sodium cromoglycate and beclomethasone dipropionate on allergen-induced early asthmatic responses, late asthmatic responses, and increased bronchial responsiveness to histamine. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1987 79 734-740. 

Single dose or short-term treatment with aerosolized steroids inhibits both the late asthmatic response and allergen-induced bronchial hyperresponsiveness (45,92). However it does not affect the early asthmatic response nor does it induce bronchodilation (45,92). Long-term treatment with steroids protects against both the early and late asthmatic responses and also reduces bronchial hyperresponsiveness (44,71,86,93). Over time, the airways relax (dilate) and measures of airway function, such as forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV ), gradually return to almost normal levels. 

Diamant, Z., Timmers, M. C., van, d,V., Page, C. P., van der Meet, F. J., and Sterk, P. J. (1996). Effect of inhaled heparin on allergen-induced early and late asthmatic responses in patients with atopic asthma. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care. Med. 153, 1790-1795. 

Figure 1 Allergen-induced isolated early asthmatic response (EAR). FEV, (L) is on the vertical axis and time (hr) post-aUergen inhalation on the horizontal axis. Inhalation of ragweed allergen extract caused a 30% fall in FEV, maximal at 10 minutes and resolved by 2 hours (sohd tine) the response following inhaled diluent is shown in the dotted line.

Inman M, Watson R, Cockcroft DW, Wong, BJO, Hargreave FE, O Byme PM. Reproducibility of allergen-induced early and late asthmatic responses. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1995 95 1191-1195. 

Bianco S, Pieroni MG, Reflni RM, Rottoli L, Sestini P. Protective effect of inhaled furosemide on allergen-induced early and late asthmatic responses. N Engl J Med 1989 321 1069-1073. 

Pizzichini MMM, Kidney JC, Wong BJO, Morris MM, Efthimiadis A, Dolovich J, Hargreave FE. Effect of salmeterol compared with beclomethasone on allergen-induced asthmatic and inflammatory responses. Eur Respir J 1996 9 449-455. Verdiani P, Di Carlo S, Baronti A, Bianco S. Effect of inhaled frusemide on the early response to antigen and subsequent change in airway reactivity in atopic patients. Thorax 1990 45 377-381. 

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