Alkanedisulfonic acids

Figure 3.187 Separation of alkanesuifonic and alkanedisulfonic acids in a chromium plating bath utilizing a capacity gradient. Separator column lonPac Cryptand A1 column dimension 150 mm x 3 mm i.d. column temperature 30 °C eluent 25 mmol/L NaOH, switched to 25 mmol/L LiOH after 2.1 min ...

Alkanedisulfonic acids are prepared by heating an alkanesulfonic acid with chlorosulfonic acid at 70-160 °C in the presence of air (oxygen), optionally over an activated charcoal catalyst. Methanesulfonic acid reacted with chlorosulfonic acid at 100 °C (1 hour) to give a mixture containing methanedisulfonic acid (34%). (For further details see Chapter 9 p 267.)... 

Alkanedisulfonic acid diphenyl esters 40 react with chlorosulfonic acid under nitrogen to give the corresponding diphenyl ester disulfonic acid 41 (Equation Ih)." The sulfonation of 40 to 41 was improved by using chlorosulfonic acid instead of oleum or other sulfonating agents. 

A glass column, 1.2 x 25 cm, is filled to a height of 25 cm with Amberlite XAD-2 resin and washed with H2O and MeOH. A sample is weighed out and applied to the top of the column, which is eluted with water to remove H2SO4 and alkanedisulfonic acid. (The column eluate may be monitored by acid-base titration.) The monosulfonic acid is then eluted with MeOH. 

Methane sulfonic acid is used as an electrolyte for electroplating of tin onto sheet steel, for plating tin and tin/lead alloy onto nickel or other base metal substrates in the manufacture of lead frames and bump-contacts for microelectronic devices.It can also be used for copper deposition during the manufacture of microprocessors. Other alkanesulfonic acids have also found use in electroplating applications. Disodium methanedisulfonate and other alkanedisulfonate salts are used in chrome plating.As discussed previously, several processes for the recovery and recycle of alkanesulfonic acids from spent metal plating baths have been described. 

Ethanedisulfonic acid is obtained from ethylene dibromide and concentrated aqueous sodium sulfite solution,342 but using a deficiency of sulfite leads to sodium 2-bromoethanesulfonate.343 A general prescription for preparation of, co-alkanedisulfonates has been given by Stone.344... 

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