Alkane A saturated hydrocarbon with the general formula

Alkane a saturated hydrocarbon with the general formula C H2 +2. (22.1)... 

Alkane a saturated hydrocarbon with the general formula... 

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2- The simplest alkane, methane (CH4), is the principal constituent of natural gas. Methane, ethane, propane, and butane are gaseous hydrocarbons at ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressure. They are usually found associated with crude oils in a dissolved state. 

Alkanes are a class of saturated hydrocarbons with the general formula C H2n. -2- They contain no functional groups, are relatively inert, and can be either straight-chain (normal) or branched. Alkanes are named by a series of IUPAC rules of nomenclature. Compounds that have the same chemical formula but different structures are called isomers. More specifically, compounds such as butane and isobutane, which differ in their connections between atoms, are called constitutional isomers. 

These four molecules are the first four members of the alkanes, a homologous series of saturated hydrocarbons with the general formula, C H2 +2. The difference between them is in the number of C atoms in the compound the formula of each alkane differs from the next by one CH2 group. 

Cycloalkanes are cyclic saturated hydrocarbons with the general formula C H2 . Therefore, a substance with the formula C3H8 could not be a cycloalkane, since C3H8 conforms to the general formula, C H2 +2, the molecular formula for an alkane. It is, however, too small to be a branched alkane with a methyl group attached to the longest chain. In fact, C3H8 is propane. 

Alkanes A family of saturated hydrocarbons with the general formula C H2n+2. The term saturated, in this context, is used to describe molecules that have only single bonds. The alkanes can only undergo substitution reactions in which there is replacement of one atom in the molecule by another atom. 

A cycloalkane is a saturated cyclic hydrocarbon with the general formula C H2 . In contrast to open-chain alkanes, where nearly free rotation occurs around C, -C bonds, rotation is greatly reduced in cycloalkanes. Disubstituted cycloalkanes can therefore exist as cis-trans isomers. The cis isomer has both substituents on the same face of the ring the trans isomer has substituents on opposite faces. Cis-trans isomers are just one kind of stereoisomers—isomers... 

Paraffin is a name that is commonly used to denote a group of saturated alkane hydrocarbons with the general formula Q,H2 +2, n being greater than 20. They take both solid and liquid forms. The solid form known as paraffin wax was discovered by Karl Reichenbach in 1830. Paraffins are mostly obtained from petroleum. Paraffin oil, used as a fuel, is also known as kerosene. 

Petrolatum is a purified mixture of semisolid saturated hydrocarbons having the general formula C H2 +2, and is obtained from petroleum. The hydrocarbons consist mainly of branched and unbranched chains although some cyclic alkanes and aromatic molecules with paraffin side chains may also be present. The USP 28 and PhEur 2005 material may contain a suitable stabilizer (antioxidant) that must be stated on the label. The inclusion of a stabilizer is not discussed in the JP 2001 monograph. 

Methane, CH4, is the simplest of the alkanes, a family of hydrocarbons with the general formula C H2 +2, Cyclopropane, C3Hg, is the simplest of the cycloalkanes, a family of alkanes whose carbon atoms are joined in a ring. Alkanes and cycloalkanes are saturated hydrocarbons. 

Alkanes and cycloalkanes are saturated hydrocarbons. Methane, CH4, is the simplest of the alkanes, a family of hydrocarbons with the general formula C J32 +2. The cycloalkanes are a subfamily of alkanes whose carbon atoms are joined in a ring. Ethylene, CH2=CH2, is the simplest of alkenes, a class of hydrocarbons contaming carlx>n-carbon double bonds and having the general formula C H2 . Unsymmetrical alkenes ean exist as cis and trans isomers. Acetylene, CH=CH, is the simplest of the alkynes, which are compounds that have the general formula C H2 -2 and contain carbon-carbon triple... 

Alkanes, with the general formula C H2 +2, are saturated hydrocarbons, in which each carbon atom is singly bonded to four other atoms. These atoms are either carbon atoms or hydrogen atoms. Alkenes, C H2 , and alkynes, C H2 2, are unsaturated hydrocarbons in which there is a carbon-carbon double bond or a carbon-carbon triple bond, respectively. 

Acyclic alkane (Section 4.1) A compound with the general formula C H2 + 2- Acyclic alkanes are also called saturated hydrocarbons because they contain the maximum number of hydrogen atoms per carbon. 

Alkanes have the general formula CJl2n+2, where n is a positive integer (n = 1, 2, 3,. ..). They contain only C—Halso known as saturated hydrocarbon s they comain me maximum number of hydrogen atoms that can bond with the number of carbon atoms present. 

Description and general properties. Methane [74-82-8], also called marsh gas, with the chemical formula CH, the relative molar mass of 16.04276 and a low density of 0.7168 kg.m under normal temperature and pressure conditions (273.15 K and 101.325 kPa), is the first and lightests member of the alkanes (i.e., saturated hydrocarbons or olefins with chemical formula C H2 2)- Methane is a colorless, odorless, non-poisonous and flammable gas that solidifies at -182.4°C (90.75 K) and boils under atmospheric pressure at -161.5°C (111.65 K). Methane is poorly soluble in water (e.g., 35 cm per kg of water at 17°C) but soluble in... 

All the hydrocarbons we have met so far have the molecular formula C H.2 + 2-Because these molecules are linear or branched chains, we refer to them as either noncyclic or acyclic alkanes. Molecules of this formula are also called saturated hydrocarbons, which means that the carbon-carbon bonds in the molecule are all single bonds. There is a class of closely related molecules that shares most chemical properties with the noncyclic alkanes but not the general formula. These molecules have the composition C H2 and are the cycloalkane ring compounds mentioned briefly in Section 2.1. Cycloalkanes with this formula are also saturated. Molecules that have the formula C H2 but have no rings are called unsaturated hydrocarbons. Unsaturated compounds have carbon-carbon double (or triple) bonds and will be discussed in Chapter 3. 

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