Alkaloid diterpenes

Epling and Jativa-M) containing the neoclerodane diterpene divinorin A or salvinorin A (Fig. 12.1). It was the first documented non-alkaloidal diterpene hallucinogen. It is inactivated by the gastrointestinal system if orally ingested, and the effect is produced after absorption through the oral mucous. 9... 

Aconitine and pseudoaconitine Decodine and verticilatine Deoxyaconitine and hypaconitine Diterpene alkaloids Steroid alkaloids Diterpene alkaloids Silica gel G Silica gel G Silica gel G lsopropanol-methanol-23% [61b] ammonium hydroxide [36b, 43,267 b] (36 + 24+ 1) Methanol [68] 1) Cyclohexane-chloroform- [247] diethylamine (70 + 20 Quantitative determination... 

This C2Q pyrophosphate (122), thought to provide the carbon framework of the diterpene alkaloids such as veatchine (123), atisine (124),... 

The assumption of these conjugated double bonds makes possible a tetracyclic nucleus which accords with the suggestion previously made by the authors that these alkaloids might be structurally related to the diterpenes. It may also be noted that one of the nitric acid oxidation products of pseudaconitine has been recorded as unexpectedly giving a pyrrole reaction on destructive distillation. ... 

Mass spectrometry in structural investigation of diterpene alkaloids 97IZV1096. 

Fig. 5 Molecular structures of tyrosinase-active diterpene (8-10) and napelline (11, 12) type alkaloids [49]...

The C2o-diterpene alkaloids have long served as classic targets within the field of natural product synthesis [14], Total syntheses of four C2o-diterpene alkaloids have thus far been reported atisine [15], veatchine [16], garryine [17], and napelline [18]. In spite of this progress, synthetic efforts toward the hetisine alkaloids have been relatively sparse. Prior to our work in the area, these efforts include one total synthesis and five synthetic studies. 

Similarly, oxidation with DMD and KMn04 of diterpene alkaloids eldeline, talatizamine, aconitine, and zongorine has been carried out (95). 

Dr. Ken ichi Takeda, then Director of Shionogi Research Laboratories, Na-gata extended his research efforts to include the first total synthesis of the diterpene alkaloid group including atisine, garryine, and veatchine as well as the gibberellins all in their racemic form. 

Keywords Alkaloids, antioxidant activity, Aconitum cochleare. Delphinium linearilobum, diterpen, norditerpen, spectroscopy... 

Davis EM, Croteau R, Leeper FJ, Vederas JC (2000) Cyclization enzymes in the biosynthesis of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and diterpenes. In Topics in current chemistry biosynthesis-aromatic polyketides, isoprenoids, alkaloids. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 53-95... 

Many glycosidase inhibitors are structurally related to natural substrates, closely resembling carbohydrates. However, several exceptions to this generalization are known. These include such diverse structures as the diterpene andrographolide and its analogues (38, Scheme 12),134 3,21-di-O-acetylcichoridiol (39, a triterpenoid),135 acridone alkaloids, and oriciacridone (40).136... 

Overall, however, the immensity of temperate land corresponds to a most various secondary metabolic production, different from that of tropical land. The most renowned alkaloids belong to the morphine class (Chart 6.2.A1), and, in combination with isoprenoids, to the ergot and triterpene classes (Chart 6.2. A2). Prominent in the peptides are the cyclosporins (the first of which was isolated from a fiingus collected in Norway), streptogramins, and P-lactams (Chart 6.2.P). The isoprenoids are represented by pyrethrin monoterpenes, cedrane sesquiterpenes, ginkgolide and taxane diterpenes, ophiobolane sesterterpenes, and arborane and amyrin-like triterpenes (Chart 6.2.1). In the polyketides, epothilones, recently discovered from Myxobacteria, and the long known rapamycin, are two prominent classes of macrolides (Chart 6.2.FA/PO/C). 

Not only is salvinorin A chemically different from other hallucinogens (it is a diterpene not an alkaloid) but its effects are quite different as well. Many people consider the effects less manageable and harder to work with than other entheogens. The majority of people who have had a full blown experience with salvinorin A are reluctant to ever do it again. Anyone choosing to experiment with this compound should always have an alert, clear-thinking sitter present to prevent them from injuring themselves or others. 

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