Alkaline discharge

Eliminate alkaline discharges (spent caustic) that promote emulsions. 

Uses For alkaline discharge of Dispersol PC dyes by pad-dry-overprint techniques on polyester fabrics F>roperties Liq. 

Beams of metal atoms have been prepared by many researchers tlirough thennal vaporization from a heated cmcible. An example of such a source, employed for the generation of beams of alkaline earth atoms, is described by Irvin and Dagdigian [H]. By striking an electrical discharge within this source, beams... 

Propane and light ends are rejected by touting a portion of the compressor discharge to the depropanizer column. The reactor effluent is treated prior to debutanization to remove residual esters by means of acid and alkaline water washes. The deisobutanizer is designed to provide a high purity isobutane stream for recycle to the reactor, a sidecut normal butane stream, and a low vapor pressure alkylate product. 

Neutralization. Wastewater discharge usually requires a pH between 6 and 9. Exceptions are a biological process in which microbial respiration degrades acidity (acetic acid is oxidized to CO2 and H2O), or one in which the CO2 generated by microbial respiration neutralizes caustic alkalinity (OH ) to bicarbonate HCO. ... 

In a cylindrical alkaline cell, the amount of electrolyte is limited and the electrolyte becomes saturated with 2incate rather early in the discharge. Thus the cell produces the 2inc oxide reaction product through most of its discharge. 

For heavy drain discharges of alkaline cells, there is no useful capacity after this point because the rate of discharge of the ZnMn204 is quite slow. But for lighter drain discharges, further reduction of the cathode is possible. The reaction mechanisms are not entirely clear, but there is some evidence for the formation of a final reaction product resembling hausmannite [1309-55-3] Mn O. ... 

Fig. 8. Effect of temperature on relative discharge performance of a fresh "D"-si2e battery for service on simulated ratio use, 25- Q 4-h/d test for (a) an alkaline—manganese battery undergoing 260 h of service, and (b) a carbon—2inc battery undergoing 70 h of service (22).

Cylindrical alkaline cells are made in only a few standard si2es and have only one important chemistry. In contrast, miniature alkaline cells are made in a large number of different si2es, using many different chemical systems. Whereas the cylindrical alkaline batteries are multipurpose batteries, used for a wide variety of devices under a variety of discharge conditions, miniature alkaline batteries are highly speciali2ed, with the cathode material, separator type, and electrolyte all chosen to match the particular appHcation. 

Discharging to this lower cell voltage usually results ia shorter cycle life. Enough excess iron should be provided ia the cell design to avoid this problem. Active iron ia the metallic state is slowly attacked by the alkaline electrolyte according to... 

Thiourea dioxide, although stable in acidic solutions, decomposes in alkaline solution to urea and sulfinic acid. Unfortunately, the release of urea can create environmental concerns as it is a fertilizer and causes eutrophication when discharged into bodies of water. 

Atz. caustic, corrosive (Calico) discbarging, discharge, -alkab, n. caustic alkali, -alka-lildsung, /. caustic alkaline solution. 

---