Shorter cycle

The prevacuum technique, as its name implies, eliminates air by creating a vacuum. This procedure faciUtates steam penetration and permits more rapid steam penetration. Consequendy this results in shorter cycle times. Prevacuum cycles employ either a vacuum pump/steam (or air) ejector combination to reduce air residuals in the chamber or rely on the pulse-vacuum technique of alternating steam injection and evacuation until the air residuals have been removed. Pulse-vacuum techniques are generally more economical vacuum pumps or vacuum-pump—condenser combinations may be employed. The vacuum pumps used in these systems are water-seal or water-ring types, because of the problems created by mixing oil and steam. Prevacuum cycles are used for fabric loads and wrapped or unwrapped instmments (see Vacuum technology). 

Discharging to this lower cell voltage usually results ia shorter cycle life. Enough excess iron should be provided ia the cell design to avoid this problem. Active iron ia the metallic state is slowly attacked by the alkaline electrolyte according to... 

Shorter cycle times produce smaller bed sizes. The minimum cycle time is usually dictated by the minimum regeneration time required to heat and cool the bed. Systems of greater than two beds provide some flexibiUty in regeneration time but add to investment costs. 

The marine carbonate system is thought to participate in another set of interlinked processes that acts to regulate atmospheric CO2 levels over time scales of 5 to lOky. This shorter cycle is commonly referred to as carbonate compensation and appears... 

This is also important in determining processing behaviour. The thermal conductivity of most mineral fillers is about one order of magnitude higher than that of thermoplastics and their incorporation considerably increases the conductivity of a composite. This effect is beneficial in processing as mouldings can be expected to heat up and cool down more rapidly, leading to shorter cycle times [68]. 

They involve fewer unit operations, less solvent and reactor volume, shorter cycle times, higher volumetric and space-time yields and less waste (lower E... 

Alternatively, a shorter cycle at a higher temperature might be used, assuming that the temperature does not decompose the radiopharmaceutical. 

Reduced selectivity Higher losses shorter cycle time ... 

Results of efficiency enhancement studies have been controversial. Increasing the temperature lowers eluent viscosity and system back pressure, leading to the nse of (1) higher flow rates (shorter cycle times) [9], (2) longer columns, and (3) smaller particles that enhance efficiency in their own right. However, efficiency is also expected to increase because high column temperatures involve (1) faster adsorption-desorption kinetics, (2) enhanced diffusivity, (3) lower mass transfer resistance (C in the van Deemter Equation 6.4), and (4) flatter van Deemter curves. 

When compared with compression molding, transfer molding provides better product consistency, shorter cycle times, and better bonding of rubber to metal [55]. However, considerable amount of material is lost as scrap in the transfer pad, sprues, and flash. The basic three-plate multiple cavity mold is more complex and expensive than a comparable compression mold but is suited better for intricate parts or securing inserts [56]. 

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