Alkali battery

Silver(II) oxide is used to make silver oxide-zinc alkali batteries. Also, it is an oxidizing agent. 

R.V. Bobker, Zinc-in-Alkali Batteries, The Society for Electrochemistry/Joseph Lucas Ltd, University of Southampton, 1973. 

Battery Alkali battery, redox-flow battery, concentration cell, etc. 

A separator is necessary in primary and secondary batteries. Ion exchange membranes have been used in various cells and batteries. For example, a cation exchange membrane (prepared by radiation-induced grafting method using polyethylene film and acrylic acid) was reported to satisfy the properties required of a separator in an alkali battery.250... 

USE In the manuf of silver oxide-zinc alkali batteries. 

Alkaline and acid storage batteries must be serviced separately (this covers storage, charging, and repair). Alkali batteries of all types are damaged irrevocably by the addition of sulfuric acid and lead acid batteries—by the addition of alkaline solutions. 

The derivation was also not specific to fuel cells and applies just as well to other electrochemical power sources, particularly primary and secondary batteries. For example, the reaction in the familiar alkali battery used in radios and other portable appliances can be expressed (Bockris, 1981) by the equation... 

Similarly for batteries (here alkali battery), the anode and cathode reactions are given by ... 

AppHcations of mercury include use in batteries (qv), chlorine and caustic soda manufacture (see Alkali and chlorine products), pigments (see Pigments, inorganic), light switches, electric lighting, thermostats, dental repair (see Dental materials), and preservative formulations for paints (qv) (1—3). As of the end of the twentieth century, however, increased awareness of and concern for mercury toxicity has resulted in both voluntary and regulatory reduction of mercury usage (see also Mercury compounds). 

It is now well established that in lithium batteries (including lithium-ion batteries) containing either liquid or polymer electrolytes, the anode is always covered by a passivating layer called the SEI. However, the chemical and electrochemical formation reactions and properties of this layer are as yet not well understood. In this section we discuss the electrode surface and SEI characterizations, film formation reactions (chemical and electrochemical), and other phenomena taking place at the lithium or lithium-alloy anode, and at the Li. C6 anode/electrolyte interface in both liquid and polymer-electrolyte batteries. We focus on the lithium anode but the theoretical considerations are common to all alkali-metal anodes. We address also the initial electrochemical formation steps of the SEI, the role of the solvated-electron rate constant in the selection of SEI-building materials (precursors), and the correlation between SEI properties and battery quality and performance. 

The organization of the Handbook of Battery Materials is simple, dividing between aqueous electrolyte batteries and alkali metal batteries and further in anodes, cathodes, electrolytes and separators. There are also three more general chapters about thermodynamics and mechanistics of electrode reactions, practical batteries and the global competition of primary and secondary batteries. 

Thackery MM (1999) Materials for alkali metal batteries. In Besenhard JO (ed) Handbook of battery materials. Wiley-VCH, New York... 

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