Aliphatic Nitrosamines

T0016 Advanced Separation Technologies, Inc., ISEP Continuous Contactor 

T0136 Calgon Carbon Oxidation Technologies, Rayox 

T0138 Calgon Carbon Corporation, Perox-Pure 

T0826 U.S. Filter/Zimpro Products, Powdered Activated Carbon Treatment (PACT) T0827 U.S. Filter/Zimpro Products, Wet Air Oxidation 

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As detailed by Gatehouse and Tweats (1987), the nature and concentration of solvent may have a marked effect on the test result. Dimethysolphoxide is often used as the solvent of choice for hydrophibic compounds. However, there may be unforeseen effects, such as an increase in mutagenicity of some compounds, for example, / -phcnylenediamne (Burnett et al., 1982) or a decrease in mutagenicity of others, such as simple aliphatic nitrosamines (Yahagi et al., 1977). It is essential to... 

Lijinsky W, Reuber MD Comparative carcinogenesis by some aliphatic nitrosamines in Fischer rats. Cancer Lett 14 297-302, 1981... 

Aldehydes or Ketones with Other Functional Groups Aldehydes, Ketones with Other Functional Groups Kepone Chlordecone Aliphatic Flydrocarbons Aliphatic Nitriles and Cyanates Acetonitrile Acrylonitrile Aliphatic Nitriles Aliphatic Nitrosamines Aliphatic Nitrosamines A-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)... 

Sulfanilic acid (0.5%)/a-naphthylamine (0.05%) in 30% acetic acid Spraying is preceded by short-wave UV irradiation (3 min) aliphatic nitrosamines yield red/violet spots, while aromatic ones yield green/blue spots (limit 0.2-0.5y) 1,72,73... 

The two most popular methods are the plate incorporation method and the preincubation method. In the plate incorporation method, tester cell suspensions are mixed with an overlay (top) agar and plated immediately onto minimal medium (bottom agar). In the preincubation method, the cell suspension mixture is incubated and then mixed with a top agar before plating onto minimal medium. For both techniques, after 2 or 3 days of incubation, normal sized, revertant colonies are counted and compared to the number of spontaneous revertant colonies on solvent control plates. The Environmental Protection Agency recommends some materials be tested using the preincubation method, namely, classes that include short-chain aliphatic nitrosamines, divalent metals, aldehydes, azo dyes and diazo compounds, pyrollizidine alkyloids, alkyl compounds and nitro compounds. Certain modifications of the methods need to be incorporated for specific types of test articles. 

The main feature in the PE spectra of aliphatic nitrosamines are two very distinctive bands in the region 8.5-10.0 eV which are assigned to a n-type orbital n2 mainly localized on the amino nitrogen atom and an dno orbital. IPs of some nitrosamines are summarized in Table 14. 

Detection, Violet spots are obtained with the diphenylamine-palladium chloride reagent (No. 84). The limit of detection is about 1.2 [xg for volatile nitrosamines and 0.5 (xg for solids. Detection with the sulphanilic acid-a-naphthylamine reagent (No. 239) is still more sensitive aliphatic nitrosamines yield a red-violet colour and aromatic nitrosamines, green to blue (0.2—0.5 xg detected). Yasuda [50] has separated 20 different N-nitroso- and nitro-diphenylamines, using two-dimensional TLC he utilised the results in the analysis of explosives (see p. 672, Fig. 188). 

Note Aliphatic nitrosamines yield red-violet spots ... 

Aliphatic nitrosamines (R2N—N= 0) absorb at 1460-1425 This band is assigned to the N 0 stretching vibration, and another band at 1150-0030 cm is assigned to the N—N stretching vibration. Aromatic nitrosamines have bands at 1500-1450 cm" (N—O), 1200-1160 cm (C-N), and 1025-925 cm (N—The N=0 stretching vibration can interact somewhat with CH2 and CH3 deformation vibrations and with the 1500-1450 cm aromatic vibrations. " ... 

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