Algae brackish water

Abrahamsson K, Choo KS, Pedersen M, Johansson G, Snoeijs P (2003) Effects of temperature on the production of hydrogen peroxide and volatile halocarbons by brackish-water algae. Phytochemistry 64 725-734... 

Eklund B. 2005. Development of a growth inhibition test with the marine and brackish water red alga Ceramium tenuicome. Mar Pollut Bull 50 921-930. 

Waem, M., 1992. Ceramium gobii n. sp. (Rhodophyta, Ceramiales), a brackish water red alga in the Baltic Sea. Nordisk Journal Botany, 12, 569-575. 

In addressing the ecotoxicological implications of HD dumped in the Baltic Sea, Muribi (1997) reported on the acute toxicity of HD to the invertebrate Daphnia magna in brackish water at 19.5°C. Exposure to 0.5 mg/1 HD (the highest concentration tested) for 48 h did not induce any visible effects. Additional toxicity studies with salt- and freshwater organisms, reviewed by Muribi (1997) and Munro et al. (1999), indicate that dissolved sulfur mustard is generally not acutely toxic at concentrations below 1 mg/1 (close to its water solubility value). For some algae, a concentration of 1 mg/1 may be acutely toxic (Stock, 1996). Thus, the environmental action of HD is limited by its low water solubility. 

Granroth, B. and Hattula, T., 1976. Formation of dimethyl sulfide by brackish water algae and its possible implication for the flavor of Baltic herring. Finn. Chem. Lett., 6 148-150. 

Parrow, M.W. et aL, The taxonomy and growth of a Crypthecodinium species (Dinophyceae) isolated from a brackish-water fish aquarium, Afr. J. Mar. Sci. Harmful Algae 28, 185, 2006. 

Scholtz B, Liebezeit G. Screening for biological and toxicological effects of 63 phytoplankton species isolated from freshwater, marine and brackish water habitats. Harmful Algae 2012 20 58-70. 

Lyngbyatoxin A, isolated in 1979 from a Lynghya majuscula living in brackish water, was the first indohc alkaloid to be isolated from a marine alga. This cyanobacterium is responsible for dermatitis in Hawaii (Cardellina, Mamer, and Moore, 1979c). Its absolute configuration was later resolved by Sakai et al. (1986). Two related compoimds, lyngbyatoxins B and C, were identified in the same spedes in 1990 (Aimi et al, 1990). 

Algae growth did not occur in the stills when sea water feed was used, but developed on several occasions when brackish well water was supplied to the deep-basin still. 

Cyanobacteria are also known as blue-green algae due to their chloro-phyll-a and other accessory pigments. They are one of the oldest life forms on earth and their presence has been observed in fresh, brackish and marine water all over the world. 

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