Alcohol use/abuse

ATHG was founded in 1979 to foster the exchange of ideas among scholars of all disciplines who are interested in any aspect of past alcohol use, abuse, production, and control within given societies or countries. ... 

As the reader is no doubt aware, we could fill up volumes on medical data surrounding alcohol use, abuse and interactions with other chemicals in the body. (In fact. Do It Now, publishes other works relating to alcohol in greater depth besides this one.) So what we will touch on are some basics involving vitamins, some basics regarding nutrition, and alcohol-related illnesses and physiological problems. 

Chronic administration of opiates and alcohol leads to physical dependence a phenomenon, which is only weakly expressed following chronic administration of psychostimulants or other drugs of abuse. Physical dependence results from neuroadaptive intracellular changes to an altered pharmacological state. Abstinence from chronic opiate or alcohol use leads to a variety of physiological and psychological withdrawal symptoms based on these adaptations of the neuronal system. 

The 1992 National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiologic Survey (NLAES), based on interviews with a national probability household sample of nearly 43,000 adults age 18 years and older, showed the 1-year prevalence of DSM-IV alcohol use disorder to be 7.4% (i.e., 3.0% with alcohol abuse and 4.4% with alcohol dependence) (Grant et al. 1994). Findings from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC), a community-based survey of nearly 43,000 individuals conducted in 2001—2002 (Grant... 

Grant BF, Harford TC Comorbidity between DSM-IV alcohol use disorders and major depression results of a national survey. Drug Alcohol Depend 39 197-206, 1995 Grant BF, Dawson DA, Stinson FS, et al The 12-month prevalence and trends in DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence United States, 1991-1992 and 2001-2002. Drug Alcohol Depend 74 223-234, 2004a... 

Kranzler HR, Del Boca F, Korner P, et ah Adverse effects limit the usefulness of flu-voxamine for the treatment of alcoholism.] Subst Abuse Treat 10 283-287, 1993 Kranzler HR, Burleson JA, Del Boca FK, et ah Buspirone treatment of anxious alcoholics a placebo-controlled trial. Arch Gen Psychiatry 31 720—731, 1994 Kranzler HR, Burleson JA, Korner P, et ah Placebo-controlled trial of fluoxetine as an adjunct to relapse prevention in alcoholics. Am] Psychiatry 152 391-397, 1995 Kranzler HR, Burleson JA, Brown J, et al Fluoxetine treatment seems to reduce the beneficial effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy in type B alcoholics. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 20 1534-1341, 1996... 

Ibrahim RB, Wilson JG, Thorsby ME, et al Effect of buprenorphine on CYP3Aactivity in rat and human liver microsomes. Life Sci 66 1293—1298, 2000 Iguchi MY, Handelsman L, Bickel WK, et al Benzodiazepine and sedative use/abuse by methadone maintenance clients. Drug Alcohol Depend 32 257—266, 1993 Isbell H Manifestations and treatment of addiction to narcotic drugs and barbiturates. Med Clin North Am 34 423 38, 1950... 

Young S, Corley R, Stallings M, et al Substance use, abuse and dependence in adolescence prevalence, symptom profiles and correlates. Drug Alcohol Depend 68 309-322, 2002... 

Epidemiological research suggests that probably 10 to 20% of the population of the United States may have problems related to substance use, with approximately 5 % of the population having problems with drugs other than alcohol (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration [SAMHSA], 2003). The most widely abused substances in the United States are alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana, but the typical pattern is for a person to abuse more than one substance at a time. An example might be that a person may smoke both cigarettes and marijuana, or may use both cocaine and heroin. 

Iguchi MY, Handelsman L, Bickel WK Griffiths RR (1993). Benzodiazepine and sedative use/abuse by methadone maintenance clients. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 32, 257-66... 

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