Alchemy history

INTRODUCTION TO ALCHEMY The Great Work begins here What Is alchemy Origins of alchemy History of alchemy Chronology of alchemy Alchemical theory The mysterious First Matter Secret fire of the alchemists The Philosopher s Stone The Axioms of alchemy Recommended books. Pages still under construction. 

Alchemy—History. 2. Occultism—History. 3. Nuclear chemistry. 4. Alchemy in literature. I. Title. 

Hermes (Greek deity) 2. Hermes, Trismegistus. 3. Hermetism— History. 4. Alchemy—History. I. Title BL920.M5F35 1995... 

Science, Renaissance. 2. Alchemy—History. 3. Arts, Renaissance. 

ISBN 0-226-57696-5 (alk. paper)—isbn 0-226-57697-3 (pbk alk. paper) i. Science—History. 2. Science—Philosophy. 3. Alchemy—History 4. Chemistry—History. I. Tide. 

Alchemy—History—Congresses. 2. Chemistry—History—16th century—Congresses. 3. Chemistry—History—17th century-... 

Nomenclature is the compilation of descriptions of things and technical terms in a special field of knowledge, the vocabulary ofa technical language. In the history of chemistry, a systematic nomenclature became significant only rather late. In the early times of alchemy, the properties of the substance or its appearance played a major role in giving a compound a name. Libavius was the first person who tried to fix some kind of nomenclature in Alckeinia in 1,597. In essence, he gave names to chemical equipment and processes (methods, names that are often still valid in our times. 

Levere, T. H. (2001). Tranfarming matter—A history of chemistry from alchemy to the buckyball. Baltimore and London John Hopkins University Press. 

This bedeviled history is analysed in Szulakowska, Alchemy of Light (2000), 139-65. 

Theophrastus. The poem of the philosopher Theophrastos Upon the sacred art a metrical translation with comments upon the history of alchemy by C. A. Browne. Sci Monthly 11 (Sep 1920) 193-214. 

Ibn Bishrun. "Treatise on alchemy." In The Muqaddimah an introduction to history, translatedfrom the Arabic by Franz Rosenthal, ed. Ibn-Khaldun. Routledge Kegan Paul Pantheon, 1958Thttp // www.levitv.com/alchemv/a-archive apr99,html1. 

Sezgin, Fuat.Chemistry and alchemy texts and studies. Frankfurt am Main Institute for the History of Arabic-Islamic Science at Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, 2002-. 

Hopkins, Arthur John. The history of alchemy, with special reference to Egypt. Cairo Sci J11 (1923) 159-169. 

Debus, Allen George. Chemistry, alchemy and the new philosophy 1550-1700 studies in the history of science and medicine. London Variorum Reprints, 1987. xii, 320 p. in various pagings ISBN 0-86078-197-6... 

Rattansi, Piyo M. and Antonio Clericuzio, eds. Alchemy and chemistry in 16th and 17th centuries. Archives intemationales d histoire des idees = International archives of the history of ideas, no. 140. Dordrecht, Boston Kluwer, 1994. 

Brehm, Edmund. Roger Bacon s place in the history of alchemy. Ambix 23, no. 1 (Mar 1976) 53-58. rhttp //www, alchemvwebsite.com/rbacon.htmll. 

A reassessment of Bacon s role in the history of alchemy, which has been exaggerated by many modern scholars. The author concludes that Bacon s formulation of the relationship between alchemy and the elixir and Christian morality and salvation is an important link between the ancient soteriological tradition of alchemy and the first blossoming of the Art in Europe during the 14th century"... 

Westfall, Richard S. "The role of alchemy in Newton s career." In Reason, experiment, and mysticism in the scientific revolution, eds. M.L. Righini Bonelli and W.L. Shea, 189-232. New York Science History, 1975. 

In The Business of Alchemy, Pamela Smith explores the relationships among alchemy, the court, and commerce in order to illuminate the cultural history of the Holy Roman Empire in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. In showing how an overriding concern with religious salvation was transformed into a concentration on material increase and economic policies, Smith depicts the rise of modern science and early capitalism. In pursuing this narrative, she focuses on that ideal prey of the cultural historian, an intellectual of the second rank whose career and ideas typify those of a generation. Smith follows the career of Johann Joachim Becher (1635-1682) from university to court, his... 

Paracelsus. The Coelum Philosophorum By Philippus Theophrastus Paracelsus. The science and nature of alchemy, and what opinion should be formed thereof, regulated by the seven rules or fundamental canons according to the seven commonly known metals and containing a preface with certain treatises and appendices. rhttp //dbhs.wvusd.kl2.ca.us/webdocs/Chem- History/Paracelsus.htmll. 

Hubicki, Wlodzimierz. "Alchemy and chemistry in the XIVth and XVth centuries in Poland." In International Congress of the History of Science, XHIth , vol. vii, 189-196. 

Debus, Allen George. "Alchemy in an age of reason the chemical philosophers in early 18th century France." In Hermeticism and the Renaissance intellectual history and the occult in early modern Europe, eds. Ingrid Merkel and Allen George Debus, 231-250. Washington (DC) Folger Shakespeare Library, 1988. 

Ho Peng Yoke. The search for perpetual youth, with special reference to Chinese alchemy. Papers on Far Eastern History (Australian Natonal Univ) 1 (1973) 1-20. 

Daoism, as the primary indigenous religion of China, is a highly esoteric tradition. Constructed of many different strands, over several thousand years, Daoism has a complex history of integrating various techniques of meditation, spirit communication, consciousness projection, bodily movements, medicine, and "internal alchemy" with a profound transpersonal philosophy of nature and a metaphysics of human relationships based on an ideal of spiritual transformation leading to immortality... 

Lu Gwei-Djen. "The inner elixir (Nei Tan) Chinese physiological alchemy." In Changing perspectives in the history of science, eds. M. Teich and R. Young, 68-84., 1972. 

Mahdihassan, S. "The origin of alchemy." In History of science in Central Asia, ed. AshgarQadir, 127-143. Islamabad , 1978. 

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