Becher, Johann Joachim

Becher, Johann Joachim], Magnalia naturae or the Philosophers Stone. Modern Mystic 1, no. 5 (Jun 1937) 47,43. 

Becher, Johann Joachim. Magnalia naturae or, the philosophers-stone lately expos d to publick sight and sale. Harleian Miscellany 7 (1746). 

Becher, Johann Joachim (1635-1682) German physician, alchemist, precursor of chemistry, scholar and adventurer, mainly in Mainz and Vienna best known for his development of the phlogiston theory. 

Becher Johann Joachim (1635-1681), Ger. chem., working in medicine, mineralogy, economics, developer of theory that burning substances are losing their anima ( phlogiston )... 

In The Business of Alchemy, Pamela Smith explores the relationships among alchemy, the court, and commerce in order to illuminate the cultural history of the Holy Roman Empire in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. In showing how an overriding concern with religious salvation was transformed into a concentration on material increase and economic policies, Smith depicts the rise of modern science and early capitalism. In pursuing this narrative, she focuses on that ideal prey of the cultural historian, an intellectual of the second rank whose career and ideas typify those of a generation. Smith follows the career of Johann Joachim Becher (1635-1682) from university to court, his... 

Gillispie, C.C., ed. Dictionary of scientific biography., 1970. S.v. "Johann Joachim Becher," by Allen George Debus. 

Smith, Pamela H. "Alchemy, credit, and the commerce of words and things Johann Joachim Becher at the courts of the Holy Roman Empire, 1635-82." PhD thesis, Johns Hopkins Univ, 1991. 

Smith, Pamela H. "Consumption and credit the place of alchemy in Johann Joachim Becher s political economy." In Alchemy revisited, ed. Z.R.W.M. von Martels, 215-221. Leiden Brill, 1990. 

Johann Joachim Becher, 1635-1682. German chemist and physician. Founder of the phlogiston theory. His experiments on minerals are described in his Physica Subterranea. Stahl summarized his views on combustion in a book entitled "Specimen Becherianum, ... 

Professor Dr. Rolf C. Schulz, Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat, 65 Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 18-20. 

Pamela H. Smith, The Business of Alchemy Science and Culture in the Holy Roman Empire (Princeton, N.J. Princeton University Press, 1994), "Alchemy as a Language of Mediation," "Consumption and Credit The Place of Alchemy in Johann Joachim Becher s Political Economy," in Alchemy Revisited, ed. Z. R. W. M. von Martels (Leiden Brill, 1990), 215-21, and "Curing the Body Politic Chemistry and Commerce at Court, 1664-70," in Patronage and Institutions Science, Technology, and Medicine at the European Court, i oo ij o, ed. Bruce T. Moran (Rochester, N.Y. Boydell Press, 1991), 195-209. 

This paper examines the development of Georg Ernst Stahl s alchemical thinking and an apparent anachronism that the complexities of Stahlian publications introduced. Stahl s development involves his shift from the position of an alchemical believer or aspirant to that of a disbeliever openly critical of alchemy, and the transformation of his relationship with Johann Joachim Becher, an important chemist of early modern Europe. It also involves an examination of the publishers interests that caused an apparent anachronism, and the practices of publication at the time, including the introduction of academic works to the German-reading public. 

For example, Allen G. Debus, Chemistry and Medical Debate Van Helmont to Boerhaave (Canton, MA Science History Publications, 2001) compare with Karl Hufbauer, The Formation of the German Chemical Community (1720-1795) (Berkeley, CA University of California Press, 1982), 8-11,167-68, and Johanna Geyer-Kordesch, Chemie und Alchemie J. J. Becher, G. E. Stahl, J. S. Carl, und J. C. Dippel, in Johann Joachim Becher (1635-1682), ed. Gotthardt Fruhsorge and Gerhard F. Strasser (Wiesbaden Otto Har-rassowitz, 1993), 127 12. 

Friihsorge, Gotthardt and Gerhard Strasser, eds. 1993. Johann Joachim Becher (1635-1682). Wiesbaden Otto Harrassowitz. 

Wolter, H. Johann Joachim Becher zum 300. Todesjahr. PdN-Chemie 31 (1982), 45... 

L. GROS, H. RINGSDORF, and R. SCHNEE1—Institut fiir Organische Chemie, Universitat Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 20, D-6500 Mainz,... 

---