Agate mortar

The PLS calibration set was built mixing in an agate mortar different amounts of Mancozeb standard with kaolin, a coadjuvant usually formulated in agrochemicals. Cluster analysis was employed for sample classification and to select the adequate PLS model acording with the characteristics of the sample matrix and the presence of other components. 

Benzoic acid [65-85-0] M 122.1, m 122.6-123.1, pK 4.12. For use as a volumetric standard, analytical reagent grade benzoic acid should be carefully fused to ca 130 (to dry it) in a platinum crucible, and then powdered in an agate mortar. Benzoic acid has been crystd from boiling water (charcoal), aq acetic acid, glacial acetic acid, C6H6, aq EtOH, pet ether (b 60-80 ), and from EtOH soln by adding water. It is readily purified by fractional crystn from its melt and by sublimation in a vacuum at 80. ... 

A. Benzoic acid (C6H5COOH R.M.M. = 122.12). Analytical grade material has a purity of at least 99.9 per cent. For work demanding the highest accuracy, the acid should be dried before use by careful fusion in a platinum crucible placed in an oven at about 130°C, and then powdered in an agate mortar. 

Grinding conditions are modified by the nature of supports. Gold clusters with a diameter of 1.5 nm were obtained on an aluminum-containing porous coordination polymer by grinding in an agate mortar in air for 20 min, followed by the reduction in a stream of H2 in N2 at 120°C for 2 h ]50]. In contrast, ball milling is favorable... 

Irradiation of (+ )-crystals of 96 with a 400 W high-pressure Hg-lamp, with occasional grinding with an agate mortar and pestle for 40 h at room temperature gave ( + )-97 of 93 % ee in 74 % yield. Irradiation of (—)-crystals of 96 under the same conditions gave (—)-97 of 93 % ec in 75% yield48. Purification to 100% ee can easily be achieved by recrystallization from benzene. Although the photochemical conversion of 96 into 97 on irradiation in the solid state has been reported, enantioselectivity of the reaction has not been discussed 441. 

Put a small amount of your solid into a tiny agate mortar and add a few drops of mineral oil. 

Clean the plates with anhydrous acetone or ethanol. NOT WATER If you don t have the tiny agate mortar and pestle, try a Witt spot plate and the rounded end of a thick glass rod. The spot plate is a piece of glazed porcelain with dimples in it. Use one as a tiny mortar the other as a tiny pestle. 

A spirit burner. .., blow-pipe, one platinum crucible, one platinum sheet and 3-4 platinum wires, a test tube stand with 10-12 test tubes, several beakers and flasks, one porcelain dish and a pair of porcelain crucibles, several glass filter funnels in various sizes, a wash-bottle, several rods and watch glasses, one agate mortar, several iron spoons, a pair of steel or brass pincers, a filtration stand made of wood and one iron tripod stand. 

In addition, compression methods that utilize hydraulics and levers may be used. These sometimes have pressure gauges that allow the analyst to apply a certain optimal force in order to maximize the chances of making a quality pellet. To make a quality pellet, in addition to using the optimum pressure, it is important for the KBr and the sample to be dry, finely powdered, and well mixed. An agate mortar and pestle is recommended for the grinding and mixing of the KBr and sample prior to compression. See Workplace Scene 8.3. 

Procedure Take about 15-20 mg of sample in a previously cleaned small agate mortar and powder it thoroughly (about 200 mesh). Add to it 2 drops of purified paraffin (commonly known as Nujol) or any other suitable mulling liquid and continue the trituration until a very smooth paste of uniform consistency is achieved. Now, transfer the slurry to a sodium chloride window, placing it carefully into the cavity made by the spacer. Consequently, place the other window on top and thus assemble the cell. With the help of a clean piece of tissue-paper wipe out the excess paste that has squeezed out from the cell windows. Finally, introduce the cell in the respective cell-compartment. 

Solid diazonium salts are well suited for reactions in the solid state. They rapidly react with potassium iodide when coground in an agate mortar (without sharp edges ) and give a quantitative yield of the solid aryl iodide after... 

Potassium iodide (830 mg, 5.0 mmol) was finely ground in an agate mortar and the diazonium salt 292 (0.50 mmol) added in five portions and coground for 5 min each. After a 24-h rest with occasional grinding, the diazonium band in the IR spectrum had completely disappeared. The potassium salts were removed by washing with cold water. The yield of pure aryl iodide 295 was 100% throughout (Scheme 44). 

Caution these reactions might occur violently use a smooth agate mortar and do not ball-mill ... 

Solid diazonium salt 294 or 289 (0.50 mmol) and y0-naphthol (296 0.60 mmol) were separately ground in agate mortars and cautiously mixed. In the case of 289j the drying agent MgS04-2H20 (0.50 mmol) was added to the mixture. The mixtures were rested for 24 h in test tubes and were then exposed to ultra-... 

The barbituric acid derivative 40a-f (0.50 mmol) was ground in an agate mortar. Solid diazonium salt289j (0.50 mmol) was added and coground in five portions for 5 min each. Most of the diazonium band at 2280 cm had disappeared, but completion of the reaction was achieved by 24 h ultrasound application in a test tube. After neutralization (0.5 N NaOH, 20 mL), washing (H2O), and... 

The pyrazolone 304 (1.00 mmol) and the solid diazonium salt 294c,d, 289j, or 292a (1.00 mmol) were cautiously coground in an agate mortar for 5 min. The mixture was transferred to a 100-mL flask which was then evacuated. MeaN (0.5 bar) was let in. After 12 h at room temperature, excess gas was recovered... 

The eutectic MnCl2 2.03KCl and the phosphate Na4P207 are quickly mixed by milling in air in an agate mortar so as to avoid as much as possible the hydratation of the salt. To get a rapid and complete reaction an excess of eutectic is used 5.32 g Na4P207 (2 X 10 2 mole) for 22.17 g of eutectic (8 X 10"2 mole). 

The pellet (pressed-disk) technique depends on the fact that dry, powdered potassium bromide (or other alkali metal halides) can be compacted under pressure in vacuo to form transparent disks. The sample (0.5-1.0 mg) is intimately mixed with approximately 100 mg of dry, powdered KBr. Mixing can be effected by thorough grinding in a smooth agate mortar or, more efficiently, with a small vibrating ball mill, or by lyophili-... 

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