African Union

The following international organisations made statements during the general debate the International Committee of the Red Cross and the African Union. 

African Umon. (2008). African union commission and European commission launch an ambitious Afiica-EU energy partnership. Memo/08/555. Brussels. Retrieved September 8, 2008, from http //europa.edu/rapid/piessReleasesAction.do reference=MEMO/08/555... 

Kidane, W. (2011) Managing Forced Displacement by Law in Africa The Role ofthe New African Union IDPs Convention. Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 44 1-85. 

The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic is a full member of the African Union and is therefore a state signatory to the Convention despite notbeing recognized as a state by the United Nations (see Fiddian-Qasmiyeh 2011). 

The major drivers of growth in pharmaceutical markets in Africa have included increased disease burdens, particularly HIV/AIDS. The private markets have been expanded by developments in health insurance schemes, and some countries health systems have seen large investments in public health. Political stability and rapid economic development, improving business climate, a maturing regulatory environment and increased confidence in generic products have all also contributed to market expansion (African Union and UNIDO, 2012 Mckinsey and Company, 2013). 

See Guimer et al. (2004) Kaplan and Laing (2005) Losse et al. (2007) Chaudhuri et al. (2010) Abbott (2011) Moon (2011) UNCTAD (2011) African Union and UNIDO (2012) Chaudhuri and West (2014) for further insights into local production in Africa. 

The African Union Commission (AUC), Pan African Parliament (PAP), the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Bank (WB), the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF), the UK Department for International Development (DFID), the Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAl) and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)... 

At the African continental level, the African Union Commission (AUC) identified the imperative of pharmaceutical industry development in... 

African Union (AU) (2007) Pharmaceutical Plan for Africa. Available from www. unido.org/fileadmin/user media/Services/PSD/BEP/Pharmaceutical%20manu-facturing%20plan%20for%20Africa-English.pdf [accessed 22 May 2010]. 

African Union (AU) (2012a) Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Plan for Africa Business Plan, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Available from http //sa.au.int/en/sites/default/ files/pmpa%20bp%20ebook.pdf [accessed 30 April 2015]. 

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