Aerobic batch tests

Table 22.5 describes a set of standard conditions for aerobic batch tests which are generally applied (5). 

Table 22.5. Standard conditions for aerobic batch tests...

ISO/DIS 14592. (1999) Water quality - Evaluation of the aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds at low concentrations in water. Part 1 Shake flask batch test with surface water or surface water/sediment suspensions (22.11.1999)... 

Fig. 3. Batch test of aerobic treatment of the anaerobic effluent...

Fig. 4. Batch test of aerobic treatment of the anaerobic effluent diluted 1 5 with tap water (o urban sludge sludge from a coke plant)...

Pagga U, Schefer A, Muller RJ, Pantke VM. Determination of the aerobic biodegradability of polymeric material in aquatic batch tests. Chemosphere 2001 42 319-331. 

Tests were carried out at 25°C and at initial pH 6.9. Cultures in the liquid medium were incubated in 50 mL Falcon tubes, continuously shaked at 220 rpm. Each culture contained a fresh Pseudomonas sp. 0X1 colony in 10 mL of medium. The airlift with 10 g of pumice was sterilized at 121°C for 30 min and then housed in a sterile room. One-day culture was transferred to the reactor and, after a batch phase, liquid medium with phenol as the only carbon source was continuously fed. The reactor volume V was fixed at 0.13 L. Aerobic conditions were established sparging technical air. Under these conditions microorganism started to grow immobilized on the solid s support. When immobilized biomass approached steady state, cyclic operation of the airlift was started by alternating aerobic/anaerobic conditions. 

The fermentation batches are incubated aerobically under stirring at 28°-30°C. At intervals the antibiotic activity is assayed microbiologically by the agar diffusion method using Sarcina lutea as the test organism. The maximum activity is reached after 96-120 h of fermentation. 

In this section only the bioburden determination of a parenteral product solution for aerobic isolates is discussed and details regarding bioburden testing of facility or equipment surfaces are not included. For parenteral products, bioburden is usually estimated on the unfiltered bulk product solution (UBPS). In this way the test will indicate the total microbial load culminating in the batch solution as a result of the various contributing factors such as all batch ingredients, manual manipulations, and environmental fallout. Testing of filtered bulk parenteral solution either before or after filling into the final container may be done for comparison to the previously tested unfiltered bulk solution or to comply with the directives from European inspectors. All isolates should be identified to the species level whenever possible. The... 

The first production of poly(3HB-co-3HV), P(3HB-co-3HV), from ohve oils by Aeromonas caviae was described by Doi et al. (1995). Here, the polyester content in the cells was stiU rather low (6-12%). The feasibihty of using olive oil mill effluents as a substrate in biodegradable polymer production was studied by Dionisi et al. (2005), where ohve oil mill effluents were anaerobicaUy fermented at various concentrations combined with different pretreatments and without pretreatment to obtain volatile fatty acids (VFAs) such as acetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate and valerate, which were used as substrates for PHA production. Olive oil miU effluents were also tested for PHA production by using a mixed culture from an aerobic sequencing batch reactor where olive oil miU effluents were centrifuged and tested with or without fermentation. The best results with regard to PHA production were obtained with... 

Preparations of drugs administered by injection or applied under some surgical conditions must of necessity be free from contaminating microorganisms. Therefore, besides the chemical and physical assays on such preparations, tests for sterility are also applied. These tests involve the examination of every lot or batch processed for the presence of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, and often moulds. 

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