Adverse drug reactions mechanisms

Lack of priority given to the scientific study of adverse drug reaction mechanisms. 

Meanwhile, these chemicals—like chemical agents encountered at work or in hobbies or as pollutants in air, water, soil, or food—can also cause harm. Sometimes the known mechanisms of action permit us to predict the nature of toxicity to be expected. A meta-analysis of prospective studies from U.S. hospitals indicates that 6.7% of in-patients have serious adverse drug reactions 0.3% have fatal reactions (Lazarou et al., 1998). In fact, estimates of 40,000 to 100,000 deaths per year attributed to errors in medical care, primarily due to adverse reactions to pharmaceuticals, make this phenomenon a major cause of death in the United States (Meyer, 2000). A tremendous... 

Rawlins, M. and Thompson, W., Mechanisms of adverse drug reactions, in Textbook of Adverse Drug Reactions, Davies, D., Ed., Oxford University Press, New York, 1991, chap. 2. 

Rawlins MD, Thompson JW. Mechanisms of adverse drug reactions. In Davies DM, ed. 

Kalgutkar, A.S., Obach, R.S. and Maurer, T.S. (2007) Mechanism-based inactivation of cytochrome P450 enzymes chemical mechanisms, structure-activily relationships and relationship to clinical drug-drug interactions and idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions. Current Drug Metabolism, 8, 407—447. 

Davie s Textbook of Adverse Drug Reactions. Chapters on organ systems and their possible adverse reactions, including mechanisms and clinical advice. 

Rawlins MD, Thomas SNL. Mechanisms of adverse drug reactions. In Davies DM et al., editors. Textbook of adverse drug reactions, 5th ed. Oxford University Press 1998. p. 40-63. 

Both exocytotic and nonexocytotic mechanisms can contribute to adverse drug reactions that involve histamine release. Histamine is only one of several potent physiological mediators that are released from mast cells the other substances can also contribute to the overall immediate hypersensitivity reaction. 

Immune mechanisms also play a prominent role in some hepatotoxic adverse drug reactions (36). Because a minimum molecular weight of 1000 Da generally is... 

Five years have passed since the first edition of Principles of Clinical Pharmacology was published. The second edition remains focused on the principles underlying the clinical use and contemporary development of pharmaceuticals. However, recent advances in the areas of pharmacogenetics, membrane transport, and biotechnology and in our understanding of the pathways of drug metabolism, mechanisms of enzyme induction, and adverse drug reactions have warranted the preparation of this new edition. 

Ariens, E. J. Simonis, A. M. The mechanisms of adverse drug reactions. In Drug-induced diseases, Vol. 4, (eds. L. Meyler and H. M. Peck). Amsterdam Excerpta Medica 1972. 

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