Advantages other than environmental

Publications by a number of authors have shown that carbon dioxide is a favorable medium for free radical polymerization. Other than environmental advantages, there are a number of important advantages in the use of CO2 for polymerizing fluoropolymers. 

Degreasing with lipases is beginning to be ttsed as an alternative to tensides and solvents. Lipases hydrolyze not just the fat on the outside of the hides and skins, but also the fat inside the skin structrrre. The advantage of using lipases is that they do not interfere with the structrrre other than by hydrolyzing the fat. The hpase-based process is also more environmentally acceptable than solvent- or terrside-based processes. 

Methanol and a number of other alcohols and ethers are considered high-octane enhancers of gasoline. They can be produced from various hydrocarbon sources other than petroleum and may also offer environmental advantages insofar as the use of oxygenates would presumably suppress the release of vehicle pollutants into the air. 

Considerable damage to the ecological system, water quality and aesthetics of the land are inevitable. The choice of the mode of transportation may be instrumental in dealing with pollution hazards. Bulk movement of coal by methods other than road is advantageous from both the economic and environmental standpoint. Transportation by road tends to create dust, increase traffic noise and congestion, and raises the risk of accidents and injuries. 

In terms of materials, one new tyre cord coating other than brass has been proposed that has actually made it to the tyre testing stage. This cord has shown some unexpected deficiencies, but if they can be overcome, this cord may have a bright future in view of its ease of manufacture and, especially, its much better corrosion resistance and environmental advantages. 

Saline Water for Municipal Distribution. Only a very small amount of potable water is actually taken by people or animals internally, and it is quite uneconomical to desalinate all municipally piped water, although all distributed water must be clear and free of harmful bacteria. Most of the water piped to cities and industry is used for Htfle more than to carry off small amounts of waste materials or waste heat. In many locations, seawater can be used for most of this service. If chlorination is requited, it can be accompHshed by direct electrolysis of the dissolved salt (21). Arrayed against the obvious advantage of economy, there are several disadvantages use of seawater requites different detergents sewage treatment plants must be modified the usual metal pipes, pumps, condensers, coolers, meters, and other equipment corrode more readily chlorination could cause environmental poUution and dual water systems must be built and maintained. 

Over the years innovations in aircraft have given rise to more new plastic developments and have kept the plastics industry profits at a higher level than any other major market principally since they can meet different environmental and load conditions. Virtually all plastics have received the benefit of the aircraft industry s uplifting influence. Practically all conceivable top quality plastics are used to provide cost advantages and improvements... 

The advantages of combining toxicity testing with chemical analysis when dealing with complex mixtures of environmental chemicals are clearly evident. More useful information can be obtained than would be possible if one or the other were to be used alone. However, chemical analysis can be very expensive, which places a limitation on the extent to which it can be used. There has been a growing interest in the development of new, cost-effective biomarker assays for assessing the toxicity of mixtures. Of particular interest are bioassays that incorporate mechanistic... 

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