Advanced Ceramic Lasers

A. Ikesue, Y.L. Aung, Synthesis and performance of advanced ceramic lasers, P" International Ceramic Processing Science Symposium, Coral Spring, FL, Jan 08-11, 2006. 

Applications of transparent ceramics are covered in the last two chapters, with Chap. 9 focusing on solid-state lasers with transparent ceramics and Chap. 10 on all other applications of transparent ceramics. In Chap. 9, besides traditional transparent laser ceramics, advanced ceramic laser technologies, including composite ceramics and crystal fibers (not ceramics), are also included, in order to demonstrate new research and development direction of solid-state lasers. In Chap. 10, other applications, such as lighting, scintillation, armor, potential biomaterials, and so on, are summarized and discussed. 

Ikesue A, Aung YL (2006) Synthesis and ptaformanee of advanced ceramic lasers. J Am Ceram Soc 89 1936-1944... 

Conventional routes to ceramics involve precipitation from solution, drying, size reduction by milling, and fusion. The availability of well-defined mono-dispersed particles in desired sizes is an essential requirement for the formation of advanced ceramics. The relationship between the density of ceramic materials and the sizes and packing of their parent particles has been examined theoretically and modeled experimentally [810]. Colloid and surface chemical methodologies have been developed for the reproducible formation of ceramic particles [809-812]. These methodologies have included (i) controlled precipitation from homogeneous solutions (ii) phase transformation (iii) evaporative deposition and decomposition and (iv) plasma- and laser-induced reactions. 

Silane [7803-62-5] - [INTEGRATED CIRCUITS] (Vol 14) - [ELECTRONICMATERIALS] (Vol 9) -laser-induced photolysis [LASERS] (Vol 15) -production of silicon carbide [ADVANCED CERAMICS - STRUCTURALCERAMICS] (Voll)... 

Laser granulometry is the method most commonly employed for testing samples in the advanced ceramics industry for determination of the grain size distribution. The particles are set in rotation in a measuring cell and exposed to a defined laser irradiation (Fig. 5). The diffraction pattern of the rotating particles is converted to grain sizes from which the grain size distribution is established. 

Advanced ceramics include newer materials such as laser host materials, piezoelectric ceramics, ceramics for dynamic random access memories (DRAMs), etc., often produced in small quantities with higher prices. 

Similar to most advanced engineering materials, transparent ceramic laser materials also have various requirements for practical appUcations. The fabrication and processing process should be reliable, consistent, feasible, reproducible, energy saving, cost-effective, and scalable. More importantly, the compositions, both the main components and the dopants, must be under good control. 

In summary, the advanced ceramic composite technology has offered more opportunity to fabricate complex structures of composite ceramic lasers, due to the availability of perfect inherent interface characteristics. It is expected that this technology wiU be a key subject of research and development of solid-state ceramic lasers. 

ISO 18755 2005. Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) - determination of thermal diffusivity of monolithic ceramics by laser flash method. 

R D of Advanced Ceramics Activities in China and SICCAS 2.2 Transparent ceramic for laser (Nd YAG)... 

Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has seen increasing use in trace element studies of ceramics in the last two decades. While early work using weak acid extraction proved problematic (/), recent work by Kennet et al. using microwave digestion (2) and by Larson et al. using laser ablation (3) have yielded considerable advances in the application of this technique. 

Nowadays, many advanced techniques are available in the ceramic industry to coat a solid layer onto a solid surface or to make ceramic materials with special properties [99-1 IS], such as spin-coating [99], chemical vapor deposition [100-106], and chemical vapor infiltration [106-109], thermal spray [110-112], plastic spray [113], and spray-coating [114]. The deposition can be caused by conventional heating, by laser beam, or by microwave heating. 

H. Yagi. Recent advances in transparent ceramics. 3d Laser Ceramics Symp., October 8-10, 2007, Paris, 2007. 

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