Adult chondrocytes

WIO. Wiebkin, W., and Muir, H., The inhibition of sulphate incorporation in isolated adult chondrocytes by hyaluronic acid. FEBS (Fed. Ear. Biochem. Soc.) Lett. 37, 42-46 (1973). 

Adult Chondrocytes Stem Cell Differentiation Challenges and Limitations... 

Kopesky, P.W., Lee, H.Y., Vanderploeg, E.J., Kisiday, J.D., Erisbie, D.D., Plaas, A.H.K., Ortiz, C., Grodzinsky, A.J., 2010. Adult equine bone marrow stromal cells produce a cartilage-like ECM mechanically superior to animal-matched adult chondrocytes. Matrix Biology 29, 427-438. 

Ng, K.W., Lima, E.G., Bian, L., O conor, C.J., Jayabalan, P.S., Stoker, A.M., Kuroki, K., Cook, C.R., Ateshian, G.A., Cook, J.L., Hung, C.T., 2010. Passaged adult chondrocytes can form engineered cartilage with functional mechanical properties a canine model. Tissue Engineering Part A 16, 1041-1051. 

Betre H, Ong SR, Guilak F et al (2006) Chondrocytic differentiation of human adipose-derived adult stem cells in elastin-like polypeptide. Biomaterials 27 91-99... 

Malda, J., van Blitterswijk, C. A., van Geffen, M., Martens, D. E., Tramper, J., and Riesle, J. (2004). Low oxygen tension stimulates the redifferentiation of dedifferentiated adult human nasal chondrocytes. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 12, 306-313. 

TNAP is anchored at the cell membrane and also at the membrane of matrix vesicles (MVs) released from osteoblasts and chondrocytes [38] (Fig. 3). Importantly in the context of biomineralization, the membrane of MVs is markedly enriched with (GPI)-anchored TNAP compared with the cell membrane from which they originate [39]. TNAP can be released in the circulation, where it is found as a homodimer [40], upon the action of two circulating phospholipases, GPI-phospholipase C and GPI-phospholipase D [41-43]. In healthy adults, the bone and liver isoforms represent about 95 % of the serum AP activity with similar contribution of each form [44], Three bone isoforms, Bl, B2, and B/I, account for 16, 37, and 4 %, respectively. Bl and B2 differ by... 

Estrogens have a number of functions and not only feminization. Sites of (human) expression include the ovaries, testes, placenta, fetal (but not adult) liver, adipose tissue, chondrocytes and osteoblasts of bone, vasculature smooth muscle, and several sites in brain, including parts of the hypothalamus, limbic system, and cerebral cor-tex °. As discussed later, regulatory mechanisms differ considerably in these tissues. P450 19A1 is also expressed in some tumors, particularly those derived from these tissues. 

Malda J, van den Brink P, Meeuwse P, Grojec M, Martens DE, Tramper J, Riesle J, van BUtterswijk CA. (2004) Effect of oxygen tension on adult articular chondrocytes in micro-carrier bioreactor culture. Tissue Eng., 10 987-994. 

H.J. Im, etal, Basic fibroblast growth factor stimulates matrix metalloproteinase-13 via the molecular cross-talk between the mitogen-activated protein kinases and protein kinase c pathways in human adult articular chondrocytes, J. Biol Chem., 282 (15), 11110-11121, 2007b. http //dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M609040200. 

H.-J. Im, et al, 2008. Basic fibroblast growth factor accelerates matrix degradation via a neiu-o-endocrine pathway in hiunan adult articular chondrocytes, /. Cell Physiol, 215 (2), 452-463,2008. http //dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.21317... 

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