Brown adipocytes

The properties are as follows, (i) The activity of the protein (i.e. the inward transport of protons) is inhibited by ATP. (ii) The activity of the protein is increased by the presence of long-chain fatty acids, since they relieve the ATP inhibition, (iii) When mitochondria, isolated from brown adipose tissue, are incubated in the presence of fatty acids, there is a sharp increase in the rates of electron transfer, substrate utilisation and oxygen consumption, whereas the rate of ATP generation remains low. These studies indicate that the rate of proton transport, by the uncoupling protein, depends on the balance between the concentrations of ATP and fatty acids, (iv) In adipocytes isolated from brown adipose tissue, the rate of oxygen consumption (i.e. electron transfer) is increased in the presence of catecholamines. 

C. Wilson, S. Wilson, Atypical )S-adrenoceptor on brown adipocytes as target for anti-obesity drugs, Nature 309 (1984) 163-165. 

Nasirudeen AM, Tan KS (2004) Isolation and characterization of the mitochondrion-like organelle from Blastocystis hominis.J Microbiol Methods 58 101-109 Painter HJ, Morrisey JM, Mather MW, Vaidya AB (2007) Specific role of mitochondrial electron transport in blood-stage Plasmodium falciparum. Nature 446 88-91 Perkins GA, Song JY, Tarsa L, Deerinck TJ, Ellisman MH, Frey TG (1998) Electron tomography of mitochondria from brown adipocytes reveals crista junctions. J Bioeneerg Biomembr 30 431-432... 

JRS Arch, AT Ainsworth, MA Cawthrone, V Piercy, MV Sennitt, VE Thody, C Wilson, S Wilson. Atypical 3-adrenoceptor on brown adipocytes as target for antiobesity drugs. Nature 309 163-165, 1984. 

Tamura, S., Brown, T. A., Whipple, J. H., Fujita-Yamaguchi, Y., Dubler, R. E., Cheng, K., and Lamer, J. (1984). A novel mechanism for the insulin-like effect of vanadate on glycogen synthase in rat adipocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 259, 6650-6658. 

Uncoupling in hamster brown adipocytes by a natural protonophore does not appear to cause simultaneous aerobic and anaerobic processes because Nedergaard et al. (1977) reported that these cells stimulated by norepinephrine (see p. 320) had... 

Clark, D.G., Brinkman, M., Neville, SD. (1986). Microcalorimetric measurements of heat production in brown adipocytes from control and cafeteria-fed rats. Biochem. J. 235,337-342. 

Noradrenaline ( adrenergic) Smooth muscle Brain Hepatocytes Brown adipocytes Parotid gland... 

Arch JRS, Ainsworth MA, Cawthorne MA, et al. Atypical [i-adrcnoceptors on brown adipocytes as a target for anti-obesity drugs. Nature 1984 309 163-165. 

Barroso I, Benito B, Barci-Jimenez C, Hernandez A, Obregon MJ, Santisteban P. Norepinephrine, tri-iodothyronine, and insulin upregulate glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA during brown adipocyte differentiation. Eur J Endocrinol 1999 141 169-179. 

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