Adhesion formation

In general these derivatives are safe, their chemical functions being the glycine moiety the same holds for AT,0-carboxymethyl chitosan, as demonstrated for instance by studies intended to assess the efficacy of W,0-carboxymethyl chitosan to limit adhesion formation in a rabbit abdominal surgery model. The inability of fibroblasts to adhere to N,0-carboxymethyl chitosan-coated surfaces suggests that it may act as a biophysical barrier [135]. 

Bakkum FA, Trimbos JB, Dalmeyer RAJ, and van Blitterswijk CA. Preventing postoperative intraper-itoneal adhesion formation with Polyactive A degradable copolymer acting as a barrier. J Mater Sci Mater Med, 1995, 6, 41 5. 

Wallace, C.S., Strike, S.A., and Truskey, G.A. (2007) Smooth muscle cell rigidity and extraellular matrix organization influence endothelial cell spreading and adhesion formation in co-culture. Am. J. Physiol. Heart. Circ. Physiol. 10.1152/ajpheart.00618.2007. 

A second ophthalmologic use is to prevent synechia (adhesion) formation in uveitis and iritis. The longer-lasting preparations, especially homatropine, are valuable for this indication. 

Catheter malfunction was the most frequent event (obstruction, total occlusion, and peritoneal adhesions 13,10, and 3.1 events per 100 patient-years respectively). Flushing sometimes prevented occlusion. Better tip design had a big effect. Adhesion formation decreased with daily injections of heparin. The frequency of ketoacidosis was comparable to that reported with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and was usually related to catheter obstruction. It diminished during the review period. Episodes of severe hypoglycemia were fewer than during intensive subcutaneous therapy. 

Kamioka H, Sugawara Y, Murshid SA, Ishihara Y, Honjo T, Takano-Yamamoto T. 2006. Fluid shear stress induces less calcium response in a single primary osteocyte than in a single osteoblast implication of different focal adhesion formation. J Bone Miner Res 21 1012—21. 

Pesen D, Heinz WF, Werbin JL et al (2007) Electron beam patterning of fibronectin nanodots that support focal adhesion formation. Soft Matter 3 1280-1284... 

Kamffer WJ, Jooste EV, Nel JT, de Wet JI. Surgical glove powder and intraperitoneal adhesion formation. An appeal for the use of powder-free surgical gloves. S Afr Med J 1992 81(3) 158-9. 

It has also been used experimentally in controlled-release films that are suitable for application to surgical sites for the prevention of adhesion formation, and in matrix formulations used in gene delivery systems.The EINECS number for hyaluronic acid is 232-678-0. 

Postsurgical adhesions are a common problem following major abdominal, gynaecological, and other forms of surgery. Adhesions are scars that form abnormal connections between tissue surfaces. Postsurgical adhesion formation is a natural consequence of... 

The primary focus of this entry has been to provide a basic understanding of the field of hydrophilic polymers and their uses. These materials have a range of applications both in the bulk and as thin films. For example, hydrogel membranes are used as inhibitors of postsurgi-cal adhesion formation and also as coatings. Dispensing these polymers onto the surface of medical devices can confer desirable surface properties that the substrate... 

Mettler, L. Audebert, A. Lehmann-Willenbrock, E. Jacobs, V.R. Schive, K. Prospective clinical trial of spraygel as a barrier to adhesion formation an interim analysis. J. Am. Assoc. Gynecol. Laparosc. 2003, 10 (3), 339-344. 

Overall, surgery for colorectal cancer is associated with a morbidity and mortality rate of 8% to 15% and 1% to 2%, respectively, depending on the type and extent of procedure. - Common complications associated with colorectal surgery include infection, anastomotic leakage, obstruction, adhesion formation, and malabsorption syndromes. 

For assessment of the neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist (NK-IRA) on peritoneal adhesion formation, a laparotomy is performed through a midline incision, and four ischemic buttons, spaced 1 cm apart, are created on both sides of the parietal... 

Reed K L, Fruin A B, Gower A C, et al. (2004). A neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist decreases postoperative peritoneal adhesion formation and increases peritoneal fibrinolytic activity. P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 101 9115-9120. 

Falk K, et al. (2001). Reduction of experimental adhesion formation by inhibition of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1. Br. J. Surg. 88 286-289. 

Woods A, Fongley RF, Tumova S, Couchman JR. Syndecan-4 binding to the high affinity heparin-binding domain of fibronectin drives focal adhesion formation in fibroblasts. Arch Biochem Biophys 2000 374 66-72. 

HA has been used in implantable medical devices for the reduction of post-surgical adhesions. One such device, Seprafilm , has been on the market for ten years and is stiU the market leader for adhesion control in general surgical applications. Solutions of HA have been shown to act as tissue protectants and have been shown to affect adhesion formation in animal models (23-26). 

Pits Epithelial cells Focal adhesion formation... 

Interaction of calcium ions with HA to modulate its viscosity pre- and postadministration around the severed flexor tendon to minimize postoperative adhesion formation in leghorn chickens was reported by Shalaby and co-workers as noted in Chapter 9.i4-i5 Thornton and co-workers explored the use of ferric hyaluronate as a more viscous gel analog of HA-Na for postoperative adhesion. ... 

Complexes comprising HA-Na and carboxymethyl cellulose have been developed as gel-coats or membrane barriers for the reduction of postoperative adhesion formation (see also Chapter 8 for details). 

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