Adhesion cell-substrate

CR3, LFA-1 and pl50,95 are a family of leukocyte proteins with distinct a-subunits but a common /J-subunit (Fig. 3.6). They are involved in cell-cell contact as well as in cell-substrate interactions. They thus function in a variety of adhesive processes. 

Figure 2.39 Schematic illustration of cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion. Reprinted, by permission, from BiophysicalJournal, 45, 1051. Copyright 1984 by the Biophysical Society.

Fig. 3. A comparison of cell-cell and cell-substrated anchoring junctions. (A) Desmosomes anchor keratin filaments through desmoplakin. One half of a desmosome, which is an intercellular junction that anchors intermediate filaments (IFs) to the plasma membrane, is shown. The transmembrane desmosomal cadherins, desmogleins (Dsg) and desmocollins (Dsc), mediate adhesion through their extracellular domains, and associate with plakophilins (Pkp) and plakoglobin (Pg) through their cytoplasmic domains. These proteins in turn interact with the N-terminus of the plakin family member desmoplakin, which anchors IF to the junction through its G-terminus. (B) Endothelial VE-cadherin-based junctions anchor vimentin through...

Davis GE. The Mac-1 and pl50,95 beta 2 integrins bind denatured proteins to mediate leukocyte cell-substrate adhesion. Experimental Cell Research 1992, 200, 242-252. 

Keywords Biological interface Cell migration Cellular adhesion Dynamic substrates Immobilization Self-assembled monolayers... 

The manner by which shear stress-induced cellular changes occur in endothelial cells involves cell membrane and cytoskeletal molecules that lead to a shape change. The cytoskeleton contains actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules, all of which are restructured upon exposure to external force. Under stress conditions, actin filaments coalesce to form stress fibers that anchor at the focal contacts, which are adhesion sites at the cell substrate interface. 

Drumheller SD, Hubbell JA (1995) Surface immobilization of adhesion ligands for investigations of cell substrate interactions. In Bronzino JD (ed) The biomedical engineering handbook. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FI, p 1584... 

Cell-Substrate Adhesions When the membrane has been extended and the cytoskeleton has been assembled, the membrane becomes firmly attached to the substratum. Time-lapse microscopy shows that actin bundles in the leading edge be-... 

Keywords QCM Cell-substrate interactions Cell adhesion Cell spreading Extracellular matrix Cellular micromechanics Cytoskeleton Cell elasticity ... 

In the control cells one can easily spot two very prominent actin structures (i) stress fibers that run along the lower, substrate-facing membrane interconnecting two sites of cell-substrate adhesion and (ii) the junctional actin ring that follows the cell periphery and stabihzes cell-to-cell jimctions. After exposure to CD both actin structures change dramatically. Instead of stress fibers and an actin belt around the cells, there are only actin aggregates that look like clumped monomeric actin without any filamentous structure. Thus, within 100 min of exposure time the actin filaments are disassembled. However, the cells remain spread and anchored to the growth substrate, so that after CD treatment there is still a confluent cell monolayer on the surface. 

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