Blood platelet adhesion

Schafer A, Schulz C, Eigenthaler M, et al. Novel role of the membrane-bound chemokine fractalkine in platelet activation and adhesion. Blood 2004 103(2) 407—412. 

In the intact blood vessel, ligands involved in adhesion to platelets, such as collagen, fibronectin, and von Willebrand factor, are sequestered in the subendothelium, thus preventing access to platelet adhesive receptors. Table 1 summarizes the functions of platelet membrane integrin receptors. 

CD42 represents the GPIb-IX-V complex, which is a receptor for von Wille-brand factor that is critical for the adhesion of platelets to damaged blood vessels. This marker is down-regulated on activation of platelets. 

Hydrophobic polymer materials that slowly release N O can be used on the surface of medical devices. Many medical devices suffer from the surface adhesion of blood platelets. To minimize this thrombogenic effect, blood thinners such as heparin, coumarin, and aspirin are often used. However, systemic administration of antiplatelet agents could increase the risk of uncontrolled bleeding elsewhere in the body. In contrast, biocompatible polymer films would solve this problem [153]. It is possible to create polymeric surfaces that mimic the inner surface of a blood vessel by... 

Eauvel-Lafeve, E., Tabaka, V., Coen, J. P., et al., Defective adhesion of blood platelets to vascular myofibrils in the Bernard—Soulier syndrome. Blood 82, 1985—1988 (1993). 

However, in spite of the significant diversity in the quantitative evaluation of platelet adhesion, the platelets adhered onto heparinized surfaces are neither aggregated nor activated 4-78>. In other words, the intracellular contents of the adhered platelets, which may otherwise contribute to the blood clotting process, is not evolved into the bloodstream. This conclusion is verified by the results of Table 12, which indicate that the increased platelet adhesion does not result in a worse thrombo-resistance the blood clotting time at a HCP surface is an order of magnitude higher than that at the surface of the initial non-heparinized polymer. 

JandakJ, Steiner M, Richardson PD. Alpha-tochopherol, an effective inhibitor of platelet adhesion. Blood 1989 73 141-149. 

Although the data show a relationship between the ability of a surface to adsorb fibrinogen out of plasma, the plasma s inability to convert this fibrinogen, and the tendency of platelets to adhere, it does not confirm that adsorption of fibrinogen must precede adhesion of platelets to all kinds of surface, or that surfaces which adsorb fibrinogen under these conditions will be bad biomaterials in vivo as heart valves, blood vessels, or canulae, or ex vivo as artificial kidney membranes—even though the latter are most likely to be impeded by any adsorbate. 

When a blood vessel wall is damaged, platelets are exposed to a variety of activating agents including collagen. The adhesion of platelets to vascular subendothelium is a... 

Zaidi TN, Mclntire LV, Farrell DH, Thiagarajan P. Adhesion of platelets to surface bound fiMnogen under flow. Blood 1996 88 2967-2972. 

Moroi M, Jung SM, Shinmyozu K, Tomiyama Y, Ordinas A, Diaz-Ricart M Analysis of plitfelet adhesion to a collagen-coated surface under flow conditions Uie involvement of glycoprotein VI in the platelet adhesion. Blood 88 2081-2092,1996. 

Sixma JJ, Sakariassen KS, Beeser-Visser NH, Ott nhof-Rovers M, Boihuis PA Adhesion of platelets to human artery subendothelium effect of factor Vlll-von Will and factor of various multimeric conqx>sition. Blood 63 128-139,1984. 

Esoolar G, Garrido M, Aznar-Salatti J, Ordinas A, Bastida E Con >arison between human umbilical artery and rabbit abdominal aorta as substrata for platdet adhesion and platelet thrombus fi>nnation under flow conditions Blood Vessels 28 520-531,1991. 

Houdijk WP, Sixma JJ Fibronectin in artery subendothelium is important for platelet adhesion. Blood 65 598-604,1985. 

Lahav J Thrombospondin inhibits adhesion of platelets to glass and protem-covered substrata. Blood 71 1096-1099,1988. 

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