Acyl peroxides carboxylic acid esters

Acyl peroxides Carboxylic acid dialkoxy-methyl esters - alkoxyformic anhydrides... 

For the mechanism of azolide hydrolysis under specific conditions like, for example, in micelles,[24] in the presence of cycloamyloses,[25] or transition metals,[26] see the references noted and the literature cited therein. Thorough investigation of the hydrolysis of azolides is certainly important for studying the reactivity of those compounds in chemical and biochemical systems.[27] On the other hand, from the point of view of synthetic chemistry, interest is centred instead on die potential for chemical transformations e.g., alcoholysis to esters, aminolysis to amides or peptides, acylation of carboxylic acids to anhydrides and of peroxides to peroxycarboxylic acids, as well as certain C-acylations and a variety of other preparative applications. 

Carboxylic acid esters from acyl peroxides R GO 00 OC R RCOOR s. 18,320... 

Carboxylic acid esters from acyl peroxides... 

Most frequently the polymerization process is initiated by free radicals obtained through the decomposition of hydroperoxides, alkyl peroxides, dialkyl peroxides, acyl peroxides, carboxylic ester peracids, salts of (tetraoxo)sulphuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, aliphatic azo compounds and bifunctional azobenzoin initiators. The rate of decomposition of different initiators into free radicals depends on their stmcture and on temperature. A measure of the efficiency of the initiator in the pol5mierization process is the half-decomposition period. 

Similar additions have been successfully carried out with carboxylic acids, anhydrides, acyl halides, carboxylic esters, nitriles, and other types of compounds. These reactions are not successful when the alkene contains electron-withdrawing groups such as halo or carbonyl groups. A free-radical initiator is required, usually peroxides or UV light. The mechanism is illustrated for aldehydes but is similar for the other compounds ... 

Reactions of O2 with esters R C(0)0R also pass nucleophilic substitution as an initial step (Sawyer and Gibian 1979). Final products are acyl peroxides or carboxylic acids. The following set of equations explains the product formation ... 

Reduction of carboxylic acids 9-42 Reduction of carboxylic esters 9-43 Reduction of carboxylic esters with titanocene dichloride 9-44 Reduction of anhydrides 9-45 Reduction of acyl halides 9-53 Reduction of nitriles 9-57 Reduction of hydroperoxides 9-60 Reduction of peroxides 9-69 Reaction between aldehydes and base (Cannizzaro)... 

Peroxycarboxylic acid esters are utilized as initiators for radical polymerization and are interesting intermediates for the decarboxylation of carboxylic acids. They are generally prepared by the acylation of hydro peroxides with acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, or imidazolides in the presence of a base. Condensation of carboxylic acids (20) with /-butyl-hydroperoxide (21) has been smoothly achieved by the use of diethyl phophorocyanidate and NEt3 under mild conditions giving f-butyl peroxycarboxylates (22) in good yield.9... 

Peroxy acids and diacyl peroxides are mono- and di-acyl derivatives of hydrogen peroxide. Peroxy acids form esters of which the t-butyl compounds are the best known. In contrast to carboxylic acids which form intermolecular hydrogen-bonded dimers, the peroxy acids exist as intramolecular hydrogen-bonded monomers. This leads to several differences in the properties of these two types of acids. 

Acoxydialkoxy compds. Acyl peroxides a-Alkoxyglycidic acid esters 1-Carboxyacetals Carboxylic alkoxyformic... 

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