Acyl peroxides carboxylic acid anhydride

Acyl peroxides Carboxylic acid dialkoxy-methyl esters - alkoxyformic anhydrides... 

Similar additions have been successfully carried out with carboxylic acids, anhydrides, acyl halides, carboxylic esters, nitriles, and other types of compounds. These reactions are not successful when the alkene contains electron-withdrawing groups such as halo or carbonyl groups. A free-radical initiator is required, usually peroxides or UV light. The mechanism is illustrated for aldehydes but is similar for the other compounds ... 

For the mechanism of azolide hydrolysis under specific conditions like, for example, in micelles,[24] in the presence of cycloamyloses,[25] or transition metals,[26] see the references noted and the literature cited therein. Thorough investigation of the hydrolysis of azolides is certainly important for studying the reactivity of those compounds in chemical and biochemical systems.[27] On the other hand, from the point of view of synthetic chemistry, interest is centred instead on die potential for chemical transformations e.g., alcoholysis to esters, aminolysis to amides or peptides, acylation of carboxylic acids to anhydrides and of peroxides to peroxycarboxylic acids, as well as certain C-acylations and a variety of other preparative applications. 

Acyl peroxides from carboxylic acid anhydrides s. U, 144 CO O OC- co oo oc-... 

Reduction of carboxylic acids 9-42 Reduction of carboxylic esters 9-43 Reduction of carboxylic esters with titanocene dichloride 9-44 Reduction of anhydrides 9-45 Reduction of acyl halides 9-53 Reduction of nitriles 9-57 Reduction of hydroperoxides 9-60 Reduction of peroxides 9-69 Reaction between aldehydes and base (Cannizzaro)... 

The highly acidic conditions required to generate peracids in situ from carboxylic acids and hydrogen peroxide are usually not conducive to efficient amine oxidation. In situ generation from anhydrides in neutral solution or other acylated agents in alkali can be employed. In situ perphthalic or permaleic have been reported for pyrimidine oxidation.332... 

Peroxycarboxylic acid esters are utilized as initiators for radical polymerization and are interesting intermediates for the decarboxylation of carboxylic acids. They are generally prepared by the acylation of hydro peroxides with acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, or imidazolides in the presence of a base. Condensation of carboxylic acids (20) with /-butyl-hydroperoxide (21) has been smoothly achieved by the use of diethyl phophorocyanidate and NEt3 under mild conditions giving f-butyl peroxycarboxylates (22) in good yield.9... 

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