Acycloguanosine 9- guanine

Chemical Name 2-Amino-1,9-dihvdro-9-[(2-hvdroxvethoxv)methvl] -6H-purin-6-one Common Name Acycloguanosine 9-(2-hvdroxvethoxvmethvl)guanine Structural Formula ... 

Common Name Acycloguanosine 9-(2-Hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine Structural Formula ... 

Acyclovir. 2-Amino-l,9-dihydro-9-((2-hydroxy-ethoxy>mcthyl]-6l -purin-6-onc acycloguanosine 9-1(2-hydroxyethoxy)methy[)guanine BW 248U Wellcome-248U Aclovir Vipral Virorax Zovirax. CgHMNsOj mol wt 225.21. C 42,66%, H 4.92%, N 31.10%, O 21.31%. Orally active acyclic nucleoside with inhibitory activity towards several herpes viruses. Prepn H. 3. Schaeffer, Ger. pat. 

Aciclovir natrium Acyclovir sodium Acycloguanosine sodium (Obs,) Acyclovir sodium salt 2-Amino-1,9-dihydro-9-((2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl)-6H-purin-6-one monosodium salt BW 248U sodium 9-((2-Hydroxyethoxy)methyl)guanine monosodium salt Sodium acyclovir Zovirax Zovirax Sterile Powder. Antiviral agent. Glaxo Wellcome Inc. 

Chemically, acyclovir ( Zovirax , formerly called acycloguanosine) is 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine and is made by condensing 2,6-dichloropurine with 2-benzoyloxyethoxymethyl chloride and exposing the product, in turn, to ammonia, nitrous acid, and ammonia again (Schaeffer et al, 1978). It is the slightly indirect descendant of inhibitors of adenosine deaminase, such as 4,17) (Schaeffer and Schwender, 1974). That some of these substances, particularly... 

An amino-analogue of idoxuridine known as Aid Urd (4-12) may have clinical potential, because of its very unusual biochemistry. This substance (5-iodo-5 -amino-2, 5 -dideoxyuridine) is activated to its cytostatic triphosphate by the kinase of herpes virus, but not by kinases in uninfected human, murine, or simian cells. It inhibited herpes simplex infection with no sign of toxicity to the host. However, when a mammalian cell was infected with herpes virus, the drug was incorporated into the DNA of both host and virus (Chen, Ward, and Prusoff, 1976). This incorporation will not matter, provided that all infected cells die, and the replication of the virus is halted. Acycloguanosine, recently developed, is 3000 times more toxic to herpes simplex virus than to mammalian cells. This substance, 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine, zovirax , is phosphorylated by virus-specified thymidine kinase and the product is highly lethal to the virus (only). Healthy human cells carry out little of this phosphorylation, and are unharmed by the product, hence the phenomenal selectivity (Elion et aLy 1977) and its clinical usefulness. 

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